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CHAPTER 1 : OVERVIEW AND SUMMARY OF RESULTS 1 Current Social and Economic Situation 2 Improving the Lives of the Rural Poor, Reducing Poverty, and Achieving the MDGs 4 Creating Wealth and Diversifying the Economy 6 Government Commitment to STI Capacity Building 8 Methodology and Design of the STI Capacity-Building Program 11 Lessons Learned 15 Implementation Issues 21 Notes 22 CHAPTER 2: THE FOOD-PROCESSING INDUSTRY 25 Situation Analysis/Needs Assessment 25 Standardization and Quality Management 27 Human Resource Constraints 27 Markets for Processed Foods 28 Development Potential for the Food-Processing Industry 29 Recommended Strategies 30 Educating and Training People 32 Developing Business Development Services 33 Improving Transport and Packaging 34 Conducting Market Research and Feasibility Studies 34 Adopting Complementary Measures 35 CHAPTER 3 : VALUE-ADDED EXPORTS 37 Situation Analysis/Needs Assessment 37 Recommended Public-Private Partnerships for Capacity Building in Value-Added Enterprises 40 Public-Private Partnership for Technical and Vocational Training 40 Public-Private Grant Facility for Enterprise-Based Training 41 Establishing a Public-Private Technology Information Service 42 Establishing a Matching Grant Program for Investment in Productive Technologies 43 Creating a Public-Private Organic Production and Research Association 43 Building Capacity for Organic Production and Certification 45 Public-Private Instruments for Capacity Building in Design and Product Development 45 Notes 46 CHAPTER 4 : DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFUSION OF APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES 47 Situation Analysis/Needs Assessment 47 Agencies and Institutions Responsible for Promoting Appropriate Technology 51 Factors Hampering the Development and Transfer of Appropriate Technology 54 Recommended Strategies 55 Building Capacity at CITT 56 Building Capacity at IRST 58 Building Capacity at Vocational Training Centers 59 Establishing a Technology Development Fund 60 Notes 62 CHAPTER 5 : DELIVERY OF CLEAN DRINKING WATER 63 Situation Analysis/Needs Assessment 63 Recommended Strategies 65 Training Local Water Technicians 65 Training District- and National-Level Managers 68 Building Capacity at KIST 68 Building Capacity at NUR 69 Building Capacity at ISAE 70 CHAPTER 6 : GEOSCIENCES AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 71 Strategy A: Fast-Track "Urgent" Plan for Geothermal Resource Assessment and Pilot Power Generation 72 Institutional Set-Up 74 Capacity Building through Hands-On Training 74 Strategy B: Long-Term Institution/Capacity Building for Geothermal Energy and Geoscience Development: The Rwanda Geoscientific Center 75 Required Capacity-Building Efforts 80 Notes 82 CHAPTER 7 : CLIENT-FOCUSED AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND OUTREACH 83 Situation Analysis/Needs Assessment 83 Weaknesses in the Performance of the Agricultural Research and Technology Transfer System 85 Weaknesses in the Public Research and Technology Transfer System 86 Weaknesses in Private Sector Participation 88 Weaknesses in the Agricultural Education and Training System 88 Recommended Strategies for Capacity Building 89 Strengthen the Key Components of the Agricultural Research and Technology Transfer System 89 Empower the Beneficiaries of Agricultural Research and Outreach 90 Promote the Profitability of Agriculture and Private Sector Participation 91 Improve ISAR's Institutional Performance 93 Improve Coordination, Methods, and Performance Standards for Agricultural Research and Technology Transfer 94 Develop and Manage Human Resources 95 Build Capacity at ISAE and NUR 96 Notes 97 APPENDIXES APPENDIX 1 : Background Documents 99 APPENDIX 2 : Sample Terms of Reference for the Needs Assessment and Action Plan Studies 101 APPENDIX 3 : Public Institutions Involved in STI Capacity-Building Action Plans 105 BIBLIOGRAPHY 107