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Acknowledgements............................................... .... .....viii
Preface....... ......................................... .................x
Foreword ..... .
Chapter 1: Introduction ........ .......................
1.1 Thle fG AD Region ...... .....................................................1
1.2 Livelihood and Food Security as a Basis for Responsible CBNRM ................... 3
1.3 What is Community Based Natural Resource Management ............................. 6
1.4 1GAD, and its engagement with (CBNRM N.. ....... ................................
1.5 Background to, and layout, of the book......................................... .10
Chapter 2: The Natural Resource and Policy Basis for CBNRM in the Region ............. 11
2.1 Introduction ................................................................... 11
2.2 The Natural Resource Base ........................... ....... ..... ............. 12
2.3 Policy, Legislation and Institutions ........................................... 14
2.4 Social and Economic Issues in CBNRM............................................ 19
Chapter 3: Community Based Natural Resource Management In Djibouti ................ .....26
Djibouti Summary ...................................................................... 26
3.1 Background the Country ...........................................................35
3.2 Natural Resources................................................................ 36
3.3 Policies and Legislation that are Relevant to CBNRM ................... 42
3.4 Institutional Framework for CBNRM ............................................... 44
3.5 Experiences with CBNRM ....................................................... 46
3.6 Opportunities for CBNRM ........................................................ 48
3.7 Challenges for CBNRM ...........................................................49
3.8 Key Issues and Actions for CBNRMII .............................................. 50
CHAPTER 4: COMMUNITY BASED NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN ERITREA ........................51
Eritrea Summary ... . . ........................................ .........51
4.1 Background ......................................................................61
4.2 The Natural Resource Base ....................................................... 61
4.3 Polices and Legislation that are Rlelevant to CBNRM ............................. 65
4.4 Institutional Framework for CBNRM ............................................... 68
4.5 Experiences with CBNRM ................... .............................. 70
4.6 Management of Riveine Forests ................................................... 71
4.7 Opportunitics for CBNRM ....................................................... 73
4.8 Challenges for CBNRM ....................................................... 74
4.9 Key Issues and Recommendations for CBNRM ... ....... ............................ 75
Chapter 5: Community Based Natural Resource Management In Ethiopia .................... 77
Ethiopia Summary ..................................................................... 77
5.1 Introduction ...............................................................83
5.2 Natural Resources ...........................................................83
5.3 Policies and Legislation that are Relevant to CBNRM ..................... 85
5.4 Institutional Framework for CBNRM ................................. 90
5.5 Experiences with CBNRM ..................................................... 99
5.6 Opportunities for CBNRM .................................................. 101
5.7 Challenges for CBNRM .................................................... 102
5.8 The Way Ahead - Key Issues and Actions for CBNRM ............................... 106
Chapter 6: Community Based Natural Resource Management In Kenya .......... ....... 109
Kenya Summary ......... ............................................................. 109
6.1 Background.......................... ....................................... 116
6.2. Policy and Legislation that have an Impact on CBNRM ........................ 116
6.3 The Institutional Framework for CBNRM ........................... 123
6.4 Experiences with CBNRM ....................................................... 128
6.5 Opportunities for CBNRM ......................................................132
6.6 Challenges for CBNRM .........................................................133
6.7 Key Issues and Recommendations for CBNRM ...................................... 140
Chapter 7: Community Based Natural Resource Management In Sudan ...................... 142
Sudan Summary .........................................................................142
7.1 Introduction ............................................................... 152
7.2 The Natural Resource Base .................................................... 153
7.3 Policies and Legislation that are Relevant to CBNRM ..................... 156
7.4 The Institutional Framework for CBNRM ......................................... 160
7.5 Experiences with CBNRM ...................................................... 165
7.6 Opportunities for CBNRM ........................................................ 67
7.7 Challenges for CBNRM ...........................................................168
7.8 Key Issues and Recommendations for CBNRM ....... ............. ................ 170
Chapter 8: Community Based Natural Resource Management In Uganda.................... 172
Uganda Summary .................................. ....................................172
8.1 Background ..........................................................
8.2 The Natural Resource Base ................................................. 178
8.3 Policy and Legislation that are Relevant to CBNRM ....................... 182
8.4 The Institutional Framework for CBNRM ..................................... 187
8.5 Experiences with CBNRM .................................................... 191
8.6 Opportunities for CBNRM ........................................... 196
8.7 Challenges Ffr CBNRM................................................. 197
8.8 Key Issues and Recommendations for CBNRM ............................... ...... 202
Chapter 9: Analysis and Conclusion..................................................... 204
9.1 Opportunities ............................................................ 204
9.2 Constraints ............................................................. 206
9.3 Kev Issues and Areas for Regional Collaboration .......................... ....210
9.4 cosystems .................................................................... 216
9.5 CBNRM as a Tool to Provide Greater Regional Harmony ........................... 218
Annex 1: Bibliography ....... ............ .........................................220
Annex 2: Defining the Term "Community" .................................... ....225
ANNEX 3: PROFILES OF SELECTED CASE STUDIES ..............................................230
3.1 Lake Naivasha Riparian Association - Development and Implementation of the
Management Plan (Kenya) ......................................................230
3.2 Mt Elgon Integrated Conservation and Development Project (Kenya) ...............231
3.3 Traditional Medical Practitioners Project (Kenya) ..............................234
3.4 The Machakos Wildlife Forum (Kenya) ............................... 237
3.5 The lloodo-Ariak Land Case in Kajiado District (Kenya) .........................239
3.6 The Lake Nakuru Community Conservation Project (Kenya) ........................ 240
3.7 Indigenous management systems for common property resources: cases from Wello
and North Shewa (Ethiopia) ...................................................243
3.8 The Participatory Development Training and Extension System (PADETES): a
dilemma for development agents (Ethiopia) ............................... ......244
3.9 Genetic Resources Conservation by the Omotic Ari people (Ethiopia)............. 246
3.10 Rangeland Resource Management by the Afar (1ithiopia) ......................... 246
3.11 Rangeland and water resources management by the Boran (Ethiopia) ..............247
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Natural resources Africa, Eastern Management