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Acknowledgments x Chapter 1. Health Policy Change 1 Why Has Health Care Dominated the Policy Agenda? 1 Explanations from Social Science 4 Overview 7 Chapter 2. Exploring the Foundations of Dynamic Policy Change 11 Path Dependence 11 The Importance of Public Opinion in Shaping Health Care Policy 14 American Health Care Policy 16 The Dynamic Nature of Health Care Reform? 20 Incrementalism versus Dynamism in Health Care 26 Chapter 3. Path Dependence and Policy Change 29 Introduction 29 Social Constructions and Medicare 33 How the Elderly Lost and Regained Their Health Insurance 33 Analyzing Change 35 Does the Mood Really Matter? 44 Conclusion 46 Chapter 4. Presidents as Advocates, Entrepreneurs, and Agenda Setters 47 Introduction 47 Presidents as Advocates and Entrepreneurs 49 Policy Change Research 50 The Presidents and Their Policies 52 Data and Methods 61 Results 66 Discussion 69 Conclusion 72 Chapter 5. Healthy, Wealthy, and Wise? 75 Introduction 75 Theories of Information 77 The Failure of the Health Security Act 81 Information and Policy Support 83 Measuring and Testing Knowledge 84 A Model of Reciprocal Causation 85 Results 89 Conclusion 90 Chapter 6. Examining the Impact of Countervalent Messages on Policy Support 93 Introduction 93 Media Effects: Negative Advertsing and "Harry and Louise" 94 The Media and the Health Security Act 97 Study One: Testing the Strength of the Countervalent Information Message 99 Study Two: Understanding the Effects of Political Sophistication 101 Discussion 104 Conclusion 107 Chapter 7. Media Effects and Policy Opinions 109 Introduction 109 Media Priming 110 Media Coverage and Information about the Health Security Act 113 Study One: Data and Methods 114 Study One: A Model of Priming Effects on 1996 Presidential Vote Intentions 115 Study One: Results and Discussion 116 Study Two: An Experimental Test of Media Priming of Health Care in the 2000 Presidential Race 117 Study Two: Data and Methods 118 A Model of Priming Effects on Candidate Evaluations 118 Study Two: Results and Discussion 120 Conclusions 122 Chapter 8. Dynamic Health Policy Change 125 Introduction 125 The Public Mood and National Health Care Spending 129 Health Policy History and Presidential Activity 130 The Rise and the Demise of the Health Security Act 131 Conclusion 133 Methodological Appendix 135 Notes 155 References 159 Index 175Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Medical care Public opinion, Medical policy Public opinion, Health planning Public opinion