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Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations / ix Foreword / xiii Executive Summary / xv About the Primer / xvii SECTION 01 Understanding the Impacts of Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management / 1 A. Primer Objectives / 1 B. The Imperatives of Action / 2 C. Developing a Resilient City of the Future / 4 D. Mainstreaming Policy and Practice for Local Impact / 7 E. The Risks of Doing Nothing / 9 SECTION 02 Explaining Climate Change Impacts and Disaster Risk Management / 13 A. What is Mitigation (Climate Change Management)? / 15 B. What is Mitigation (Disaster Risk Management)? / 19 C. What is Adaptation? / 23 D. What about Sea-Level Rise? / 28 1. What are the Effects and Impacts? / 29 2. What are Some Mitigation and Adaptation Sound Practices? / 30 E. What about Temperature? / 30 1. What are the Effects and Impacts? / 31 2. What are Some Mitigation and Adaptation Sound Practices? / 31 F. What about Precipitation? / 31 1. What are the Effects and Impacts? / 32 2. What are Some Mitigation and Adaptation Sound Practices? / 32 G. What about Resilience? / 32 1. How is Resilience Enhanced? / 34 2. Are there Sound Practices? / 34 H. What about Extreme Events? / 34 1. What are the Effects and Impacts? / 35 2. What are Some Sound Practices? / 37 SECTION 03 Assessment Exercise: Discovery of a ¿Hot Spot¿ / 41 A. Completing the City Typology and Risk Characterization Matrix / 42 1. Select Climate Change Team / 42 2. Hold series of workshops / 43 3. Complete the Matrix / 43 B. Additional Testing for a ¿Hot Spot¿ / 49 C. Is Your City a ¿Hot Spot¿? / 51 SECTION 04 Information Exercise: Creating a City Information Base / 55 A. The Workbook / 55 B. The Participatory Process / 56 C. The Annotated Maps / 56 1. City/Community Base Map / 57 2. City/Community Socio-Economic Profile Map / 58 3. City Hazard Profile Map / 58 4. The Future Growth Map / 58 5. City Institutional Map / 59 D. The Framework / 60 SECTION 05 Sound Practice Examples of Adaptation and Mitigation / 65 Sound Practice 1: Organizational Structure and Information Base / 66 Sound Practice 2: Institutional Mechanism / 67 Sound Practice 3: Ownership by Line Departments / 69 Sound Practice 4: Preparing a Climate Change Strategy / 69 Sound Practice 5: Generating Public Awareness / 72 Sound Practice 6: Accounting and Reporting for Mitigation: The GHG Inventory / 73 Sound Practice 7: Catastrophic Risk Financing and Transfer Mechanisms / 74 Sound Practice 8: Developing a Disaster Risk Management System Considering Climate Change Impacts / 75 Sound Practice 9: Climate Change Mitigation ¿ Energy Sector / 78 Sound Practice 10: Climate Change Mitigation ¿ Transport Sector / 79 Sound Practice 11: Climate Change Mitigation ¿ Built Environment and Densification / 82 Sound Practice 12: Climate Change Mitigation ¿ Forestry and Urban Greenery / 84 Sound Practice 13: Climate Change Mitigation ¿ Finance and Financial Mechanisms / 86 Sound Practice 14: Adaptation ¿ Infrastructure Sector / 87 Sound Practice 15: Adaptation ¿ Water Conservation and Flooding / 89 Sound Practice 16: Adaptation ¿ Public Health / 91 SECTION 06 Conclusions / 97 Annex A: Worldwide Programs and Organizations on Climate Change and Hazards / 103 Annex B: Sources of Technical and Financial Assistance / 107 Annex C: Examples of Relevant World Bank Projects / 109 Annex D: Resource Guide / 111 Natural Hazards / 111 Disaster Risk Management / 112 Hot Spots / 114 Climate Change Adaptation and Vulnerability / 115 Case Study Sources / 120 City programs (Sound practice) / 126 Contents of CD-ROM / 131 Glossary / 141 Notes / 147 LIST Of TabLES, fIgurES, aNd bOxES TAblE 1.1Possible impacts of extreme climate change relevant to urban areas (mostly adverse in East Asia) / 8 TAblE 2.1Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints, and opportunities pertaining to urban areas / 18 TAblE 2.2Indicators of the Hyogo Framework for Action and strategic goals / 21 TAblE 2.3Indicators for Hyogo Priorities for Action / 22 TAblE 2.4Selected examples of key sectoral adaptation opportunities pertaining to urban areas / 26 TAblE 2.5Examples of possible impacts of climate change / 35 TAblE 2.6Examples of specific impacts of climate change to functional units in urban areas / 36 TAblE 3.1(a)Typology and Risk Characterization ¿ City description and size characteristics / 44 TAblE 3.1(b)Typology and Risk Characterization ¿ Governance structure, city management, and financial resources / 45 TAblE 3.1(c)Typology and Risk Characterization Matrix ¿ Built environment / 46 TAblE 3.1(d)Typology and Risk Characterization Matrix ¿ Political and economic impacts / 47 TAblE 3.1(e)Typology and Risk Characterization Matrix ¿ Hazards and a disaster response system / 48 TAblE 3.1(f)Typology and Risk Characterization Matrix ¿ Climate change impacts / 48 Photos have been collected from the World Bank¿s Photo Library, presentations from the Makati TAblE 3.2 Vulnerability assessment for different consequences of climate change in urban areas / 49 TAblE 3.3 Preparedness and response to different natural hazards in urban sectors / 50 TAblE 3.4 Recommended indicators for preparedness / 52 TAblE 5.1 Illustrative list of sound practices / 91 FiguRE 1.1 Integrating climate change and disaster risk management to development policies / 2 FiguRE 1.2 Largest global CO2 emitters / 3 FiguRE 1.3 Emissions across the world / 3 FiguRE 1.4 Mega cities in East Asia / 5 FiguRE 1.5 Natural hazards: Seismic and climatic / 6 FiguRE 1.6 Built up area projections by region / 7 FiguRE 2.1 Linking consequences and sectors with potential impacts and climate change mitigation and adaptation options / 13 FiguRE 2.2 Mitigation effect in reducing the increase in global mean temperature and climate change cost / 16 FiguRE 2.3 Relationship between the cost of adaptation and climate change / 24 FiguRE 2.4 Examples of impacts associated with global average temperature change / 28 FiguRE 2.5 Coastal population of select countries that are highly vulnerable to sea-level rise / 29 FiguRE 3.1 The climate change ¿Hot Spot¿ spectrum / 51 FiguRE 6.1 Urban population (% of total) growing fast in East Asia / 98 FiguRE 6.2 Urban footprints ¿ the choice facing cities / 99 box 2.1 General findings about the performance of climate change policies / 16 box 4.1 Recommended steps toward developing a planning framework / 60 box 4.2 Recommended priority plan development questions / 60 Consultation Workshop, UltraDesigns, Earl Kessler and Federica Ranghieri. 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Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Emergency management.
Climate change.