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Contents Acknowledgements v Introduction 1 Introducing the theme 1 Aspirations of proponents and concerns of critics 3 What lies ahead 5 Chapter One Restorative Justice in Action 10 Ancient practice and its revival 10 Victim-offender reconciliation/mediation programmes 11 Family group conferencing: New Zealand experience 15 Family group conferencing outside New Zealand 19 Sentencing circles 26 Navajo peacemaking 31 Vermont community reparative boards 34 Zwelethemba experiment 36 Community-based initiatives in Northern Ireland 39 Recent restorative justice developments in England 43 Some restorative policies and their implications 49 Present empirical research into restorative justice 53 Chapter Two Restorative Ideals 58 Introduction 58 A new moral ¿lens¿ 59 An alternative to punishment 64 An alternative to treatment 66 Victim-centred justice 71 Justice that repairs harm and restores peace and harmony 73 Voluntary justice? 78 Empowering, deprofessionalized, community-based justice 80 Restorative justice and the criminal justice system 89 Concluding remarks 96 Chapter Three Ideals and Practical Realities: the Gap 97 Introduction 97 The empirical study 98 One restorative justice project 99 Is restorative justice punishment? 102 Restorative justice and offender rehabilitation 109 A victim-focused justice? 116 A voluntary process? 122 Empowering justice? 128 Community-based justice? 136 De-professionalized justice? 144 A new ethical orientation? 163 Conclusion 169 Chapter Four Problematic Ideals and a Problematic Relationship 173 Introduction 173 The ideal of reparation 173 The ideal of peace and harmony 177 Restorative justice in the shadow of the criminal justice system 181 Conclusion 189 Chapter Five Restorative Ideals Re-examined 191 Introduction 191 Restorative justice in the eyes of proponents and conference participants 191 Restorative realities 195 The gap 213 Search for a new ethical framework 225 Minimizing the gap? 230 References 240 Index
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Restorative justice.
Reparation (Criminal justice).
Punishment -- Philosophy.
Corrections -- Philosophy.
Criminals -- Rehabilitation.
Victims of crimes -- Legal status, laws, etc.