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Contents Acknowledgments Introduction: Inequalities of Race, Ethnicity, and Crime in America 1 Ruth D. Peterson, Lauren J. Krivo, and John Hagan 1. Cultural Mechanisms and Killing Fields: A Revised Theory of Community-Level Racial Inequality 13 Robert J. Sampson and Lydia Bean Part I: Constructs and Conceptual Approaches 64 2. Conceptualizing Race and Ethnicity in Studies of Crime and Criminal Justice 65 Marjorie S. Zatz and Nancy Rodriguez 3. Demythologizing the ¿Criminalblackman¿: The Carnival Mirror 93 Vernetta Young 4. Race and the Justice Workforce: Toward a System Perspective 117 Geoff K. Ward Part II: Populations and Intersectionalities 153 5. Toward an Understanding of the Lower Rates of Homicide in Latino Versus Black Neighborhoods: A Look at Chicago 154 María B. Vélez 6. Extending Ethnicity and Violence Research in a Multi-Ethnic City: Haitian, African American, and Latino Non-lethal Violence 181 Ramiro Martinez, Jr. and Amie L. Nielsen 7. Crime and Deviance in the "Black Belt": African American Youth in Rural and Non-Rural Developmental Contexts 205 Alexander T. Vazsonyi and Elizabeth Trejos-Castillo 8. Crime at the Intersections: Race, Class, Gender, and Violent Offending 231 Stacy De Coster and Karen Heimer 9. Race, Inequality and Gender Violence: A Contextual Examination 265 Toya Z. Like and Jody Miller Part III: Contexts and Settings 298 10. Is the Gap Between Black and White Arrest Rates Narrowing? National Trends for Personal Contact Crimes, 1960 to 2002 299 Gary LaFree, Robert O¿Brien, and Eric Baumer 11. Race, Labor Markets, and Neighborhood Violence 327 Robert D. Crutchfield, Ross L. Matsueda, and Kevin Drakulich 12. Drug Markets in Minority Communities: Consequences for Mexican American Youth Gangs 359 Avelardo Valdez 13. Perceptions of Crime and Safety in Racially and Economically Distinct Neighborhoods 388 Lauren J. Krivo, Ruth D. Peterson, and Diana Karafin 14. Neighborhood, Race, and the Economic Consequences of Incarceration in New York City, 1985-1996 420 Alex R. Piquero, Valerie West, Jeffrey Fagan, and Jan Holland Contributor Biographies Part IV: Mechanisms and Processes 449 15. Creating Racial Disadvantage: The Case of Crack Cocaine 450 Doris Marie Provine 16. Transforming Communities: Formal and Informal Mechanisms of Social Control 481 Wenona Rymond-Richmond 17. Toward a Developmental and Comparative Conflict Theory of Race, Ethnicity, and Perceptions of Criminal Injustice 511 Carla Shedd and John Hagan 18. Race and Neighborhood Codes of Violence 549 Ross L. Matsueda, Kevin Drakulich, and Charis E. Kubrin Conclusion: A Deeper Understanding of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Criminal Justice 585 Ruth D. Peterson, Lauren J. Krivo, and John Hagan Bibliography 600 Contributors 701 Index 000
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Crime -- United States.
Discrimination in criminal justice administration -- United States.
Minorities -- United States.