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CONTENTS List of Entries Foreword by Dominic J. Capeci, Jr. Preface Introduction Guide to Related Topics Chronology of American Race Riots and Racial Violence Encyclopedia of American Race Riots Accommodationism An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy (Myrdal, 1944) Anti-Lynching Bureau Anti-Lynching League Anti-Lynching Legislation ANTI-LYNCHING MOVEMENT Antiwar Protests Asbury Park (New Jersey) Riots of 1970 Atlanta Civic League Atlanta (Georgia) Riot of 1906 Atlanta (Georgia) Riot of 1967 Augusta (Georgia) Riot of 1970 BELLEVILLE (ILLINOIS) RIOT OF 1903 Beaumont (Texas) Riot of 1943 Bensonhurst (New York) Incident (1989) Biloxi Beach (Mississippi) Riot of 1960 The Birth of a Nation (1915) BLACK CABINET Black Church Arsons Black Codes Black Manifesto Black Nadir Black Nationalism Black Panther Party (BPP) Black Power Black Self-Defense Black Soldiers and Lynching Black Women and Lynching Bloody Sunday (1965) "Bombingham" Boston (Massachusetts) Riot of 1967 Boston (Massachusetts) Riots of 1975 and 1976 Brooklyn (New York) Riot of 1964 Brown, Benjamin (d. 1967) Brown, H. Rap (1943- ) Brownsville (Texas) Riot of 1906 Buffalo (New York) Riot of 1967 Byrd, James, Jr. (1949-1998), Murder of (1998) Carmichael, Stokely (1941-1998) Castration Charles, Robert (d. 1900) Charleston (South Carolina) Riot of 1919 Chattanooga (Tennessee) Riot of 1906 Chester and Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Riots of 1918 Chicago Commission on Race Riots Chicago Defender Chicago (Illinois) Riot of 1919 CHICAGO (ILLINOIS) RIOT OF 1964 Cincinnati (Ohio) Riots of 1967 and 1968 Cincinnati (Ohio) Riot of 2001 Civil Rights Act of 1957 Civil Rights Act of 1964 Civil Rights Act of 1968 Civil Rights Movement Civil Rights Organizations, Responses to Race Riots The Clansman (Dixon, 1905) Cleaver, Eldridge (1935-1998) Cleveland (Ohio) Riot of 1966 COINTELPRO (Counter Intelligence Program) Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Conner, T. Eugene "Bull" (1897-1973) Conyers, John, Jr. (1929- ) The Cotton States and International Exposition (Atlanta, 1895) The Crisis Dallas (Texas) Disturbance of 1973 Dayton (Ohio) Riot of 1966 Deacons for Defense and Justice Democratic National Convention of 1968, Violence at Desegregation Detroit (Michigan) Riot of 1943 Detroit (Michigan) Riot of 1967 Diallo, Amadou (1975-1999) Disenfranchisement Do the Right Thing (1989) "Double 'V' Campaign" Du Bois, W.E.B. (1868-1963) Dyer, Leonidas C. (1871-1952) East St. Louis (Illinois) Riot of 1917 Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 Elaine (Arkansas) Riot of 1919 Election Riots of the 1880s and 1890s Equal Rights League Evers, Medgar, Assassination of (1963) Exodusters Fanon, Frantz Farrakhan, Louis Haleem Abdul (1933- ) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Federal Records on Race Riots Fifteenth Amendment (1870) The Fire Next Time (Baldwin, 1963) Forman, James (1928-2005) Fortune, T. Thomas (1856-1928) Fourteenth Amendment (1868) Freedom Rides Freedom Summer (Mississippi) of 1964 Frontier Justice Garvey, Marcus (1887-1940) Gentrification Ghettos Government Responses to U.S. Race Riots The Great Migration Greensburg (Indiana) Riot of 1906 Greenwood Community (Tulsa, Oklahoma) Griffith, D.W. (1875-1948) Griggs, Sutton (1872-1933) Harlem (New York) Riot of 1935 HARLEM RENAISSANCE Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited (HARYOU) Harlins, Latasha (1976-1991) Hawkins, Yusef (1973-1989) Holiday, Billie (1915-1959) Hoover, J. Edgar (1895-1972) Hose, Sam (c. 1877-1899), Lynching of Houston (Texas) Mutiny of 1917 Howard Beach (New York) Incident (1986) "If We Must Die" (McKay, 1919) Imperium in Imperio (Griggs, 1899) Integration International Responses to Race Riots Jackson, Jesse (1941- ) Jackson, Jimmie Lee (1938-1965) Jackson State University Incident (1970) Jersey City (New Jersey) Riot of 1964 Jim Crow Johnson, James Weldon (1871-1938) Johnson-Jeffries Fight of 1910, Riots Following Journey of Reconciliation (1947) Kennedy, John F. (1917-1963) Kennedy, Robert (1925-1968) Kerner, Otto Kerner Commission Report (1968) King, Martin Luther, Jr. (1929-1968) King, Martin Luther, Jr., Assassination of (1968) King, Rodney (1965- ) Knights of Labor Knoxville (Tennessee) Riot of 1919 Ku Klux Klan (KKK) Labor Violence Locke, Alain LeRoy (1886-1954) "Long Hot Summer" Riots, 1965-1967 Longview (Texas) Riot of 1919 Los Angeles (California) Riot of 1965 Los Angeles (California) Riots of 1992 Louima, Abner (c. 1964- ) Lowndes County Freedom Organization (LCFO) Lynching Malcolm X (1925-1965) The Marrow of Tradition (Chesnutt, 1901) Marshall, Thurgood (1908-1993) McKay, Claude (1890-1948) Memphis (Tennessee) Riot of 1866 Meredith, James (1933- ) Miami (Florida) Riot of 1980 Miami (Florida) Riot of 1982 Mitchell, Arthur Wergs (1883-1968) Mobile (Alabama) Riot of 1943 Moore v. Dempsey (1923) Moynihan, Daniel Patrick (1927-2003) Muhammad, Elijah (1897-1975) Myrdal, Gunnar Karl (1898-1987) Nation of Islam National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) National Association of Colored Women (NACW) National Urban League The Negro Family: The Case for National Action (Moynihan, 1965) NEGROES WITH GUNS (WILLIAMS, 1962) Newark (New Jersey) Riot of 1967 New Bedford (Massachusetts) Riot of 1970 New Orleans (Louisiana) Riots of 1866 New Orleans (Louisiana) Riot of 1900 Newton, Huey Percy (1942-1989) New York City Draft Riot of 1863 New York City Riot of 1900 New York City Riot of 1943 New York City Riot of 1964 NEW YORK CITY RIOT OF 1967 New York City "Silent March" of 1917 NEW YORK CITY "SILENT MARCH" OF 1989 Niagara Movement Nonviolence Omaha (Nebraska) Riot of 1919 Orangeburg (South Carolina) Massacre of 1968 Palestine (Texas) Riot of 1910 PAN-AFRICANISM Parker, Mack Charles (1936-1959), Lynching of The Passing of the Great Race (Grant, 1916) Peekskill (New York) Riots of 1949 Pensacola (Florida) Riot of 1976 Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Riots of 1964 Police Brutality Police Responses to Race Riots Poverty Powell v. Alabama (1932) Press Coverage of Racial Violence Press Instigation of Racial Violence Progressive Era (1890-1930) Racial Consciousness Racial Etiquette Racial Stereotypes Racism Racist Organizations, Responses to Race Riots Radio Free Dixie Randolph, A. Philip (1889-1979) Randolph, Benjamin Franklin (c. 1820-1868) Rape, as Provocation for Lynching Reconstruction (1865-1877) Redlining Red Scare and Race Riots Red Summer Race Riots of 1919 Reparations Returning Soldiers (World War I) Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM) Richardson, George (dates unknown) Rochester (New York) Riot of 1964 Roosevelt, Eleanor (1884-1962) Rope and Faggot: A Biography of Judge Lynch (White, 1929) Rosewood (1997) Rosewood (Florida) Riot of 1923 Rumors Ste. Genevieve (Missouri) Riot of 1930 San Francisco (California) Riot of 1966 Scottsboro Case (1931) Segregation Sellers, Cleveland (1944- ) Sharecropping Sharpton, Al (1954- ) "Shotgun Policy" Simmons, William J. (1882-1945) Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) Southwest Missouri Riots (1894-1906) Springfield (Illinois) Riot of 1908 Springfield (Massachusetts) Riot of 1965 Springfield (Ohio) Riot of 1904 "Strange Fruit" Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Sweet, Ossian H. (1894-1960) Tampa (Florida) Riots of 1987 Terrell, Mary Church (1863-1954) Texas Southern University Riot of 1967 Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States: 1889-1918 (Gruening and Boardman, 1919) Till, Emmett (1941-1955), Lynching of Triggs, Clarence (1942-1966) Trotter, William Monroe (1872-1934) Tulsa (Oklahoma) Riot of 1921 Tulsa Race Riot Commission Turner, Henry McNeal (1835-1915) Turner, Mary (d. 1918), Lynching of Urbanization Vietnam War and Race Riots Vigilante Organizations Vigilantism Villard, Oswald Garrison (1872-1949) Virden, Pana, and Carterville (Illinois) Mine Riots (1898-1899) War on Poverty Washington, Booker T. (1856-1915) Washington, Jesse (d. 1916), Lynching of Washington (DC) Riot of 1919 Washington (DC) Riots of 1968 Wells-Barnett, Ida B. (1862-1931) White, Walter (1893-1955) White Citizens' Council White Flight White League White Mobs White Supremacy Whitecapping Whiteness Wilkins, Roy (1901-1981) Williams, Robert F. (1925-1996) Wilmington (North Carolina) Riot of 1898 WORLD WAR I AND RACE RIOTS WORLD WAR II AND RACE RIOTS York (Pennsylvania) Riots of 1969 Primary Documents Relating to American Race Riots 1. Excerpts from the Report of the Select House Committee on the Memphis Riots of May 1866, July 25, 1866 2. Report of the Federal Grand Jury on the Activities of the Ku Klux Klan in South Carolina, 1871 3. Excerpts from Ida B. Wells' Exposé on Lynching, A Red Record, 1895 4. Thomas Dixon's Preface to His Novel, The Clansman, 1905 5. Excerpts from Various Newspaper Accounts of Disorders Following the Jack Johnson-James Jeffries Fight, July 4, 1910 6. Account of the Riots in East St. Louis, Illinois, July 1917 7. A Southern Black Woman's Letter Regarding the Recent Riots in Chicago and Washington, November 1919 8. Excerpts from the NCAAP Report Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States 1889-1918, 1919 9. Excerpts from the "Anti-Lynching" Hearings Held Before the House Judiciary Committee, January 1920 10. Excerpt from the Cook County Coroner's Report Regarding the 1919 Chicago Race Riots, 1920 11. Final Report of the Grand Jury on the Tulsa Race Riot, June 25, 1921 12. Excerpts from the Transcripts of Bee Publishing Company v. State of Nebraska Regarding a Lynching that Occurred in Omaha in September 1919, November 17, 1921 13. Excerpts of Testimony from Laney v. United States Describing Events During the Washington, D.C., Riot of July 1919, December 3, 1923 14. Excerpts on "Sex and Lynching" from Walter White's Rope and Faggot, 1929 15. Excerpts from the Mayor's Commission on Conditions in Harlem, 1935 16. Lyrics to Billie Holiday's Anti-Lynching Song "Strange Fruit"-First Performed 1939 17. Excerpts from the Moynihan Report, March 1965 18. Excerpt from the Governor's Commission Report on the Watts Riots, December 1965 19. Excerpts from Cyrus R. Vance's Report on the Riots in Detroit, July-August 1967 20. Excerpts from the Kerner Commission Report, 1968 21. Progress Report of the Presidential Task Force on Los Angeles Recovery, May 1992 22. Excerpts from the Preliminary and Final Reports of the Oklahoma Commission to Study the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, 2000 and 2001 23. Excerpt from the Draft Report of the 1898 Wilmington Race Riot Commission, December 2005 Bibliography Index List of Contributors
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
United States -- Race relations -- Encyclopedias.
Riots -- United States -- History -- Encyclopedias.
Ethnic conflict -- United States -- History -- Encyclopedias.