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Contents Foreword Chapter 1. The Origins of the Knowledge Deficit 1. The Achievement Crisis. 2. The Crisis Has Been Caused by Romantic Ideas. 3. The Idea That Schooling Should be Natural. 4. The Idea That "Mere Facts" Are Not True Education. 5. The Idea That Knowing How is Better than Knowing What. 6. The Idea That "Society" is to Blame. 7. Making Better Ideas Prevail. Chapter 2. Reading is Much More than Sounding Out 1. The Welcome Reforms of the 1990s. 2. Reading Comprehension is Like Oral Comprehension. 3. Reading as Filling in the Blanks. 4. Some Kinds of Knowledge Are More Enabling Than Others. 5. Deadening Strategies. Chapter 3. Knowledge of Language 1. Learning the Standard Language. 2. Learning Grammar. 3. Learning the Elaborated Code. 4. Building Vocabulary. 5. Vocabulary and Equity. Chapter 4. Knowledge of Things 1. The Unspoken in Speech. 2. The General Reader and the Speech Community. 3. How Much Knowledge? 4. Which Knowledge? 5. Why Not in the Reading Program? Chapter 5. Productive Use of School Time 1. Unproductive Use of Time in American Schools. 2. Blaming Teachers. 3. Root Causes of Unproductive Time Use. 4. Better Time Use means Greater Fairness. 5. Effective Time Use in Some American Schools Chapter 6. Productive Use of Tests 1. Tests Now Drive Schooling. 2. State Tests Mistakenly Promote the How-To Conception of Reading. 3. The Nature of Reading Tests. 5. A Testing Regimen that Will Enhance Education. Chapter 7. Commonality and Fairness 1. The reading crisis a symptom of a wider educational and cultural crisis. 2. At Stake: Solidarity, Educational Fairness, and our Highest Ideals. 3. Our Migrant Children 4. Localism and a Perfect Storm of Bad Educational Ideas. 5. Are Liberal and Conservative Fears of Common Content justified? 6. The Decisive Advantages of Specifying Core Content. 7. Thinking the Unthinkable: A Core of Common Content in Early Grades. Appendix The Critical Importance of an Adequate Theory of Reading Index
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Reading.
Reading -- United States.
Literacy -- United States.
Education -- United States -- Philosophy.