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CONTENTS Preface Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Joseph Priestley (1733-1804): The Discovery of Oxygen Strict Calvinist Upbringing A Popular Teacher The Invention of Carbonated Beverages Different Kinds of Air The Discovery of Oxygen A Challenge to Phlogiston Theory Studies on Photosynthesis How Plants Make Food Controversial Works Emigration to America Chronology Further Reading 2. Antoine Lavoisier (1743-1794): The Basis and Language of Modern Chemistry A Family of Lawyers The Ferme Générale From Water into Dirt? The Oxygen Theory of Combustion The Language of Chemistry Rewritten Claude-Louis Berthollet Research on Respiration The Execution of Lavoisier Chronology Further Reading 3. John Dalton (1766-1844): The Chemical Atomic Theory A Quaker Upbringing A Natural Philosopher The Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society Daltonism and Atmospheric Sciences The Tiniest Parts A New System J(ns Jakob Berzelius Numerous Awards for Humble Quaker Chronology Further Reading 4. Dmitry Mendeleyev (1834-1907): The Periodic Table of the Elements Tragic Beginnings Structure-Function Relationships of Chemical Substances Finally, a Unifying Principle The Periodic Table of the Elements An Ambitious Activist An Element in His Honor Chronology Further Reading 5. Irving Langmuir (1881-1957): Advancement of Surface Chemistry Early Promise Freedom to Pursue His Research Refinement of the Atomic Structure Model Advancements in Surface Chemistry and the Nobel Prize Katharine Burr Blodgett Controlling the Weather Chronology Further Reading 6. Emil Hermann Fischer (1852-1919): Synthesis of Purines and Sugars and the Mechanism of Enzyme Action A Choice of Science Kekulé and Benzene A Chemist on the Move An Early Discovery What Caffeine and Barbituates Have in Common Differences in Sugars Amino Acids and Proteins Lock and Key The Death of a Remarkable Organic Chemist Chronology Further Reading 7. Gerty Cori (1896-1957): Sugar Metabolism and Glycogen Storage Disorders A Life Partnership Carl Ferdinand Cori Hormonal Control of Carbohydrate Metabolism Chemistry in a Test Tube First American Female Nobel Prize Recipient Glycogen Storage Diseases Death of a Hero Chronology Further Reading 8. Percy Julian (1899-1975): Synthesis of Glaucoma Drug and Sterols from Natural Plant Products Catching Up Aspirations for More Soybean Chemist Extraordinaire Steroidal Syntheses Chemical Messengers A Humane Scientist Chronology Further Reading 9. Linus Pauling (1901-1994): Description of the Nature of the Chemical Bond Boy Professor Pauling's Rules and Chemical Bonding Theory Hybridization in the Special Case of Carbon The Structure and Function of Biological Molecules Protein Conformations A Molecular Disease Antibomb Activism Belief in a Miracle Vitamin Chronology Further Reading 10. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (1910-1994): X-Ray Analysis of Biologically Important Molecules A Sketchy but Worldly Education Fascination with Crystals Primitive Lab-Superior Results The Structure of Penicillin Too Complex for Chemical Analysis Realization of the Potential Medically Significant Choices Honored Mother of Crystallography Chronology Further Reading APPENDIXES Glossary Further Resources Periodic Table of the Elements Index
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Chemists -- Biography -- Popular works.
Women chemists -- Biography -- Popular works.
Chemistry -- History -- Popular works.
Discoveries in science -- Popular works.