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PREFACE INTRODUCTION LESSON 1 1-9 PHONETICS The Armenian Alphabet Character Position on the Line Letters: ²³ [a], ¾¿ [e]*, êë [s], îï [d]*, ÜÝ [n], ðñ [r] The Definite Article Ý GRAMMAR Demonstrative Pronouns: ³ë, ³ï, ³Ý Word Order Auxiliary Verb ¿, and Emphasis Punctuation: Period, Comma, and Stress Lexical Stress VOCABULARY Text: ²ñ³ñ³ï Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 1 10-11 LESSON 2 12-22 PHONETICS Letters: º » [ye], [e]*, À Á [?], Æ Ç [i], àõ õ [u]*, Î Ï [g]*, Ø Ù [m], ô õ [v]* The Syllable Consonant Clusters GRAMMAR The Simple Sentence Attributes The Definite Article Á Possessive Articleùë and Possessive Pronouns ÇÙ, ÇÙë Question Mark [ ± ] VOCABULARY Proper Names Text: Self-Identification: ²ñ³Ù, ²ñï³Ï »õ ²ñÇë Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 2 23-24 LESSON 3 25-35 PHONETICS Review: Letters Presented in Lessons 1 and 2 Vowels and the Exclamation Mark Letter Frequency and Word Frequency Reduction of õ and Ç to ? Sound Frequency and Letter Frequency Diphthongs TÇõ and T »³ GRAMMAR Word Order: Attributes Numeral Attributes Noun Number The Conjunctions andù T õ, »õ, ÇëÏ Interrogation without Question Words Separation Marks [ ¬ ] VOCABULARY Question word T õ±ñùwhere? Text: Ü õ¿ñ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 3 36-38 LESSON 4 39-51 PHONETICS Letters: ¸ ¹ [t']* È É [l] à [vo, o]* ° ù [k'] GRAMMAR Personal Pronouns: »ë, ¹ õÝ, ³Ý, Ù»Ýù, ¹ õù, ³Ý Ýù Reflexive Pronouns ÇÝù, Çñ»Ýù Possessive Pronouns ù õ, ù õϹ and Possessive Article ¹ Plural of the Word Ù³ñ¹ Possessive Pronouns ³Ý ñ, Çñ and Definite articles as Possessives Sequence of Endings Verb Infinitives The Auxiliary Verb »Ù in Present Tense Irregular Verb õÝÇÙ in Present Tense Note for Simple Present Tense VOCABULARY Adjective ɳõ Text: ²ØàôêÜ²Î²Ü ê¾ð Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 4 52-55 LESSON 5 56-70 PHONETICS Letters: âã [ch'] Ú Û [y, h, °] ä å [b]* úû [o]* The Diphthong Û Reduction of Û to õ Phonetic Pronunciation GRAMMAR Simple Present Tense »Ù, õÝÇÙ in Negative Present Tense Negative Defective Verb Ïñݳ٠Îñݳ٠plus Infinitive Constructions with the particle ³É VOCABULARY Question words DZÝã, ÇÝã忱ë Words for also: ³É, ݳ»õ, »õë, Ý ÛÝå¿ë, Ýٳݳå¿ë Answer Words ²Û , àã Dialogues: Family. ÀÜî²ÜÆ° Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 5 71-74 LESSON 6 75-91 PHONETICS Review: Letter Introduced in Letters 4 and 5 Review: Vowels GRAMMAR The Indefinite Article ÙÁ Pronoun/Article Correlation Number and Person of Demonstrative Pronouns Parallel Forms of Pronouns Prepositions and Postpositions Constructions with Ï³Û Infinitive as Present Participle Simple Future Tense VOCABULARY Loan Words Word Building Pronoun Building Expressions ϳñ»ÉÇ ¿, å¿ïù ¿ Dialogues: Ȳô äÆîÆ ÀÈȲÚ. Üàð¾Ü ²ðî²Î ºô ²ðÆê Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 6 92-96 LESSON 7 97-111 PHONETICS Letters: ¼ ½ [z], ´ µ [ph]*, /; [h], Þ ß [sh] GRAMMAR Adverbial Pronouns: ; ë, ; ¹, ; Ý The Irregular Verb Ï³Û The Irregular Verbs ï³É, É³É Imperative Mood of Verbs Punctuation VOCABULARY The Word ß³ï The Word ; ÇÝ Words meaning Armenian: ; ³Û, ; ³Û»ñ¿Ý, ; ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý Capitalization Idioms: ³Ý õß ÁÉÉ³Û The Word µ³Ý Antonyms Text: Üàô²ð¸ÆÜ /ÆôðºðÀ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 7 112-115 LESSON 8 116-135 PHONETICS Letters: · [k']*, Ê Ë [kh], Ô ' [gh], ì í [v] Minimal Pairs GRAMMAR The Past Tense of the verb »Ù Past Imperfect Tense Emphatic Link of Verbs Future in the Past Tense Regular vs. Irregular Verbs The Defective Verb ·Çï»Ù Simple Past of Irregular Verbs The Irregular Verb ·³É Constructions with »'»ñ Irregular Imperatives Future Participles VOCABULARY Synonyms: Words Meaning Child Synonymous Adjectives ³' õ ñ, ³'¿Ï, and others Text and Dialogue: ²ðî²Î Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 8 136-140 LESSON 9 141-159 PHONETICS Review: Letters Introduced in Lessons 7 and 8 GRAMMAR The Verb Mood of Verbs Indicative Mood Imperative Mood Subjunctive Mood Declension Usage of Case Forms Case Forms with Postpositions VOCABULARY Homonyms Text: Ú³ëÙÇÏ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 9 160-167 LESSON 10 168-185 PHONETICS Letters: Âà [t'], Ì Í[dz']*, è é [r], ò ó [ts'] Minimal Pairs with è é and ð ñ GRAMMAR Participles Present Participle in - ' Past Participle in -³Í Past (Aorist) Stems Verbal Forms from Present and Past Stems Simple Past Tense Imperative Plural The Imperative à ' VOCABULARY Word Building: Suffix ûÇã and Present Participle in - ' Text: ²ÜÆ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 10 186-192 LESSON 11 193-211 PHONETICS Letters: Ä Å [zh], " " [ts']*, ö ÷ [p], ¿ [yev, ev]* GRAMMAR Irregular Declension Pronoun Declension Substantive Possessives Double Plural with -ÝÇ The Declension of the Infinitive The Dative of Purpose Irregular Verbs in Simple Past Perfect Tenses VOCABULARY Vowel Shift in Word Building The Suffix - õÃÇõÝ Date and Time Indication Text: ²ð²ØÀ ìºð²¸²ð"ºð ¾ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 11 212-218 LESSON 12 219-241 PHONETICS Letters: Ö ×[j]*, æ ç [ch]* , ü ý [f] The Alphabet ²Ûµ õµ»Ý GRAMMAR Irregular Declensions: -û-, - ç, -ó The Direct Object and Word Order Indirect Objects and Word Order Causative Verbs The Verbs ³ÝóÝÇÉ and ³ÝóÁÝ»É The Verbs ·Çï»Ù and ׳ÝãÝ³É Lexical Substitutes for Defective Verbs »Ù, ϳÙ, õÝÇÙ, ·Çï»Ù, Ïñݳ٠VOCABULARY Reading from Original: Ê ëï í³Ý õÃÇõÝ by Krikor Zohrap Text: ֳϳﳷñ³Ï³Ý ; ³Ý¹Çå õÙ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 12 242-248 LESSON 13 PHONETICS The Consonant System 249-271 Diphthongs GRAMMAR Comparative Degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs Pronominal Declension Interrogative-Relative Pronouns Prepositions and Postpositions Personal and Demonstrative Pronouns VOCABULARY Reading from the Original: سÛÙ õÝ by Zahrad Proper Names Feminine Suffix - õ; Ç Comparison: Texts: °Çã ÙÁ å³ïÙ õÃÇõÝ. °Çã ÙÁ ÷ÇÉÇë ÷³Û õÃÇõÝ Directions. Text: ä³ñ Ý»³Ý ö ' óÁ àõ±ñ ¿ Text: Øûñ ²'ûÃùÁ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 13 272-277 LESSON 14 278-299 GRAMMAR Declension of Postpositions Three Functions of the Article ë Passive Voice of Verbs Repetitive Verbs Reflexive and Reciprocal Verbs Reflexive and Reciprocal Pronouns VOCABULARY Everyday Vocabulary: Family. Body Parts Dialogue-Joke: ²ñ»Ý³Ïó õÃÇõÝ Numerals Reading from the Original: ° õ ÛÇß³ï³Ï¹, by Vahan Tekeyan Word Building: Adverb Derivation The Suffixes -»³Û, -¿, -Ç, -»'¿Ý Texts: îÇ·ñ³ÝÇÝ ³é³çÇÝ Ù³Ýϳå³ñ�Á Colors: ²ñÇëÇÝ ¸³ëÁ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 14 300-305 LESSON 15 GRAMMAR Declension Types 306-327 Transfers between Parts of Speech Sequence of Noun Endings Verb: the Expression of Grammatical Meanings Impersonal Verbs Conjunctions The Pronoun ñ and the Conjunction ñ The Conjunctions ñ, ÿ, ϳÙ, »Ã¿ VOCABULARY Ethnonyms Idioms Reading from the Original: È ·³Ýù¿Ý í»ñç by Taniel Varuzhan Text-Dialogue: ä³ñ³; ³Ý¹¿ë Text Epilogue: ֳݳå³ñ; ¸¿åÇ î õÝ Eastern Armenian Parallel for Lesson 15 328-334 Keys to Exercises 335?? Appendix 1 My Difficult Letters & Position of Characters on Line 335 Appendix 2 Alphabet with Letter Names and Key Words in Pictures 336-7 Appendix 3 The Armenian Alphabet 338-341 APPENDIX 4 CONSONANT SHIFT IN ARMENIAN 342 Appendix 5 Numbers and Dates 343 Appendix 6 Everyday Expressions and Common Phrases 344-349 Appendix 7 Declension and Number of Nouns and Pronouns 350-355 Appendix 8 Verbs and Conjugation 356-362 Appendix 9 Prepositions and Postpositions 363-366 Appendix 10 Reading in the Original 367-381 Appendix 11 Armenian-English Glossary 382-441 Appendix 12 English-Armenian Glossary 442-494 Appendix 13 Orthographic Glossary 495-515 Bibliography 516-518 Index Keys to Exercises 335??
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Armenian language, Modern -- Grammar.
East Armenian dialect -- Grammar.
West Armenian dialect -- Grammar.