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TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 2 Introduction 6 CHAPTER I BACKGROUND 8 Engineers and Sustainable Development 8 The Roles of Engineers 8 Accomplishments in the Last 10 Years 9 Future Goals and Objectives 10 The Century of the Environment - A Challenge 11 Johannesburg Summit 2002 - Commitments and Implementation Initiatives 12 Water & Sanitation 12 Energy 13 Health 13 Agriculture 14 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management 14 Cross-Cutting Issues 15 Beyond Johannesburg - the US Engineering Community's Response 15 CHAPTER II SELECTED DEFINITIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY 19 World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) - 1987 19 International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) - 1990 19 Institute of Engineers, Australia (IEA) - 1994 19 President's Council on Sustainable Development (PCSD) - 1996 (Sustainable America) 19 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) - 2001 20 CHAPTER III SELECTED POLICY STATEMENTS ON SUSTAINABILITY 21 Declaration of the Business Council on Sustainable Development (BCSD) - 1992 21 Policy Statement, International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) - 1994 24 Ethics and Responsibilities 25 General Actions 25 Project Actions 25 Policy of the Institute of Engineers, Australia (IEA) - 1997 26 Policy on the Role of the Engineer in Sustainable Development, American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) - 2001 28 Issue 29 Rationale 29 CHAPTER IV SELECTED PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABILITY 31 Guiding Principles of Sustainability. Institute of Engineers, Australia (IEA) - 1997 31 Precaution 31 Equity for future generations 31 Equity for all 31 Global responsibility 32 Community involvement 32 Stewardship 32 Accountability 33 Sustainability Dimensions and Objectives. The International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) - 2000 33 Environmental Dimension 33 Materials 33 Toxic Materials 34 Energy Requirements 34 Renewable Resources 34 Greenhouse Gases 34 Economic Dimension 35 Life-cycle Costs 35 Internalizing Costs 36 Alternative Financing 36 Economic instruments 36 Social Dimension 37 Stakeholder Participation 37 Public Participation 38 Institutional Framework 38 CHAPTER V SELECTED READINGS ON SUSTAINBLE ENGINEERING PRACTICE 39 Sustainable (Green) Buildings 39 Introduction 39 Environmental Impacts 40 The Building Life Cycle 42 Environmental Life Cycle Assessment 44 Summary on Sustainability Assessment 45 Sustainable Building Practices 46 Sustainability Applications in a Federal Agency 47 USACE Environmental Operating Principles 47 Long Range Sustainability Planning at Fort Bragg 48 SPiRiT 51 Fort Hood's First "Green" Facility 51 Sustainability Concerns and Mitigating Strategies for Transportation 52 Sustainability Concerns 53 Road Safety 53 Nonrenewable Resource Consumption 54 Carbon Dioxide Emissions 55 Noxious Emissions 55 Vehicular Noise 56 Economic Viability of Public Transport 57 Creation of Transport-Disadvantaged Social Groups 57 Community Disruption 59 Traffic Congestion 60 Mitigating Strategies 61 Reducing the Demand for Auto Use 61 Enhancing the capacity and efficiency of the existing road and public transport infrastructure 67 Improving the Available Transport Options 70 Land-Use and Urban Design Strategies 73 Integrated Approaches 75 Sustainable Practices in Industry 75 Innovation & Technology: DuPont: "Zero" Targets Driving Innovation 76 Eco-efficiency: General Motors de Mexico Ramos Arizpe Auto Complex (RAAC): Water Conservation and Reuse Program 78 Situation 78 Targets 78 Actions 79 Results 79 Managing and Understand Change: Interface - A Learning Experience 81 Dialogue And Partnership: BC Hydro - Water Use Planning 83 Situation 83 Problems and Difficulties 86 Results 88 Providing And Informing Customer Choice: The Climate Neutral Network 90 Corporate Social Responsibilty: Eskom HIV/AIDS Program 92 Situation 92 Targets 93 Actions 93 Results 94 Achievements 95 Lessons Learned 95 Creating Sustainable Livelihoods: "SCODP": Farmer-sized Seed Packs 95 Engineering and Construction Research for Sustainable Development 96 Management And Business Practices 97 Overview 97 The Challenges for Management 97 Prospectus Summaries 98 Design Technology and Practices 98 Overview 98 The Challenges for Designers 99 Prospectus Summaries 99 Establishing Education and Training Programs to Advance Sustainable Design 100 Construction And Equipment 100 Overview 100 The Challenges for Construction 101 Prospectus Summaries 101 Materials and Systems 102 Overview 102 The Challenges for Materials 102 Prospectus Summaries 103 Public and Government Policy 103 Overview 103 The Challenges of Policy 104 Prospectus Summaries 104 The Greening of Chemical Engineering 106 Marking EHS (Environmental, Health, and Safety) and Integral Part of Process Design 106 Center for Waste Reduction Technologies 109 "Total Cost Assessment Methodology" 109 Combining the Principles of Inherent Safety, Pollution Prevention, and Green Chemistry in the Design of Sustainable Products and Processes 110 Baseline Metrics for Sustainability 110 Sustainability Metrics for Industry 110 St. Paul Environmental-Economic Partnership Project Working for a Sustainable Community 111 Project Goals 111 Project Objectives 112 Public Health and Safety 112 Fiscal Responsibility 112 Strengthened Economy 112 Promoting the City 112 Projects 113 Energy 113 Transportation 113 Forestry & Parks 114 Water Quality 114 Neighborhoods 114 Recycling & Waste Management 114 CO2 Reduction Plan Strategies 115 Primary Project Partners 115 District Energy Stain Paul, Inc. (DESP) 115 Xcel Energy (formerly Northern States Power/NSP) 116 Saint Paul Neighborhood Energy Consortium (NEC) and Neighborhood Recycling Corporation/Eureka Recycling 116 Global Warming and Climate Change in Minnesota 116 A Big Experiment 117 But Don't Take Our Word for It 117 Impacts of Global Warming 117 Has Minnesota's climate changed over the past 100 years? 118 What can we expect? 118 What Can You Do To Help? 119 Sustainability in Engineering Education 120 Introduction 120 Sustainability in General Education 121 Sustainability in Engineering Design 122 References 123
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Environmental engineering.