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Contents Foreword Menachem Friedman ix Acknowledgments xi Preface xiii Introduction: - Difficulties with the Proposed Study - Expositional Difficulties - Accessing Material and Information - A Complex Issue - Messianism and Succession xix PART ONE: HISTORY 1. Historical Context: - The Beginnings of Hasidism - The Ba'al Shem Tov - The Maggid of Mezritch - After the Maggid - The Emergence of the Habad Movement 3 2. The Ideal of the Zaddik: - The Concept of the Zaddik - Social Functions of the Zaddik - The Idea of the Zaddik in Habad - The Rebbe/Hasid Relationship - The Rebbe/Hasid Financial Relationship 12 3. Habad in America: - Rabbi Dov Ber, the Fifth Rebbe - Rabbi Yosef Yitzhak, the Sixth Rebbe - Location as a Form of Movement-Building - Crown Heights 24 4. Schneerson's Pre-Rebbe Life: - The Problem of Sources - Early Life - The United States 34 5. Schneerson's Succession 43 PART TWO: CONSOLIDATION 6. Transitional Consolidation: - Authority by Virtue of Office as Rebbe - Hasidic Discourses: Consolidation of Public Life 51 7. Consolidation Through Ritual: - The Farbrengen - Yehidut - Letters from Schneerson - "Dollars" - Other Rituals 57 v Ehrlich-033004 4/5/04 12:09 PM Page v 8. Leadership Qualities: - Schneerson's Style - Peculiarities of Personality - Personal Contact - Consolidation Through Charisma - The Appearance of Suffering - Other Personal Characteristics - Scholarship 70 9. The Ideology of Messianism: - The Ideology of Redemption - The Importance of Messianism - The Effects of Messianism on Consolidation - Messianism as a Motivational Device - Schneerson as a Prophet Schneerson as the Mashiach - Trying to Be the Mashiach - Messianic Vacillation - Isolation and Messianism 81 10. Schneerson as a World Leader: - The Turning Point in Consolidation - A Jewish Leader - Modern Orthodoxy - Sephardi Jewry - Russian Jewry - Other Hasidic Groups - The Mitnagdim - Religious Zionism - Israeli Personalities - Beyond the Jewish World - The Laws of Noah - Schneerson and World Politics 95 11. Habad Zionism and Zionism: - Coincidental Timing? - Opposition to Zionism - Zionist Influences on Schneerson - The Six-Day War and After - Never Set Foot in the Holy Land 111 PART THREE: THE INSTITUTIONS 12. Initial Consolidation: - Introduction - Success of Institutions - Employment - A War Economy - Institutions and the Dissipation of Opposition - Fundraising - The Negative Effects of Fundraising 125 13. Consolidation of Local Authority: - The New Rebbe - The Postwar Period - Challenge and Response: The 1970s and After - What If Schneerson Had Relocated? - Crown Heights: Religious Significance 137 14. Administration and Bureaucracy: - The Rebbe as "Chief of State" - Schneerson's Administrative Qualities - Delegation of Authority - Aides, Secretaries, and Assistants - The School of Assistants - The Bureaucratic Hierarchy - The Last Years - The Relationship Between Power and Discipleship 148 15. Community Services: - The Outreach Concept - Campus Outreach - Synagogues - Ba'alei Teshuvah - Emissaries - Public Relations - Modern Technology - The Drawbacks of Outreach - The Habad Yeshiva System - The Habad House - Other Organizations 166 16. Publishing Houses and Libraries: - Dissemination through Publication - The AGUCH Collection - The Merkaz Library - Community Libraries 189 vi The Messiah of Brooklyn Ehrlich-033004 4/5/04 12:09 PM Page vi Understanding Lubavitch Hadidism vii 17. Women's and Youth Organizations: - The Role of Women - The Influences on Schneerson - Women's Initiatives - The Family - A "Fresh Approach" - Educational Contributions - Youth Organization: The Principle - Symbolism of the Organization - The Growth of Zivot Hashem - The Effects on Consolidation - Transfer Symbolism 197 PART FOUR: THE SUCCESSION 18. The Issue of Succession: - The Passing of the Rebbe - What Is Transfer? - When Does Transfer Occur? - The Need for Succession - The Difficulty of Succession ( Unrivaled Personality ( Ideological Prism (No Obvious Replacement - An Extreme But Active Minority 215 19. Schneerson's Intentions: - The Question of Intention - Yosef Yitzhak as the Rebbe - Schneerson's Transfer of Authority - Cultivation of Independent Leadership - The Aides - Legal Transfer - The Beit Din 232 20. Institutional Authority: - The Collective Leadership Model - The First Will - The Second Will - The Institutions 246 21. Other Models of Succession: - The No Succession Model - The Fiefdom Model - The Slow Succession Model - The Mission Model - The Ghost Model - Gravesite Culture - The Normalization Model - Habad Fallout - The Habad Periphery: Heretics, the Disenchanted, and Neo-Habadnikim 254 22. Factors of Influence on Succession: What's Next? - The Hasidic Groupings - The International Communities - The Youth: A New Constituency - The Ba'al Teshuvah Movement - From Local Particularism to Universal Mission 275 Glossary of Terms 284 People, Abbreviations, and Acronyms 290 Bibliography 293
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication:
Habad.
Hasidism -- History.
Schneersohn, Menaòhem Mendel, 1902-.
Zaddikim.
Messiah -- Judaism.