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Contents Preface ii Figures v Tables vii Summary ix Acknowledgments xvi 1. Introduction 17 Background on Community Colleges in California 17 RESEARCH PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES 26 Methodology 28 RESEARCH scope and limitations 30 Organization of This Report 30 2. The Critical Role of Community Colleges 32 The Benefits of A Community College Education 32 Increasing Earnings Potential 32 Assisting the Transition to Four-Year Colleges 38 The Effects of Community Colleges on Society and the Economy 39 3. LACCD ENROLLMENT AND FUNDING PATTERNS 44 LACCD Enrollment by Gender, Age, and Race/Ethnicity 44 Potential Demands on LACCD in the Near Future 48 FUNDING TRENDS AFFECTING LACCD 51 4. LACCD Participation Rates in 1990 and 2000 56 Methods to Estimate Participation Rates 57 LACCD Participation Rates in And Beyond Legal District Service Areas 60 Participation Rate Changes Across Demographic Subgroups 61 summary of PARTICIPATION RATE CHANGES 67 POTENTIAL Causes of PARTICIPATION RATE CHANGES 67 Participation Rates in Other Community Colleges 67 Participation Rates in Four-year Public Higher Education Institutions 67 5. LACCD ServiCE Areas (1990 and 2000) 67 6. Quality of LACCD Education Through the 1990s 67 Student Persistence 67 Transfer Rates 67 ENROLLMENT BY EDUCATIONAL GOAL 67 NonAcademic Student Services 67 7. Conclusions and policy considerations 67 Findings 67 Policy Implications 67 References 67 Figures 2.1. Median Annual Earnings of Economically Disadvantaged Students (1992 Cohort) from California Community Colleges, by Race and Educational Attainment (n = 4,925) 7 2.2. Median Annual Earnings of Vocational Students from California Community Colleges with Associate Degree, by Race and Educational Attainment (n = 6,584) 8 3.1. Population Estimates for Los Angeles County, by Race and Age (2000 and 2020) 21 3.2. Population Changes in Los Angeles County, by Race and Age (1990-2000) 22 3.3. L.A. County Population Changes by Age and Educational Attainment (1990-2000). 23 4.1. Percent Share of K-14 Funding for California Community Colleges (1988-1999) 26 4.2. Changes in Los Angeles County Population and LACCD Income (1979/2002) 28 7.1. [map and title owed] 47 8.1. Proportion of First-Time Enrollees Two Years Prior Who Receive Associate Degrees and Certificates in LACCD and SMC (1990-2000) 52 8.2. Transfer Rates for First-Time Enrollees Ages 20-25 for LACCD, SMC, and All California Community Colleges (1989/2002) 54 8.3. Percentage of Full-Time Faculty in LACCD, SMC, and All California Community Colleges (1990-2000) 58 9.1. LACCD Funding Using 1990, 2000, and 200 Hypothetical Participation Rates 65 A.1. Proportion of First-Time Enrollees Who Receive Associate Degrees and Certificates Awarded in LACCD and SMC (1990-2000) 71 Tables 3.1. LACCD Student Enrollment (1990 and 2000) 20 4.1. LACCD Funding Relative to FTES, Population, and State Totals 27 5.1. LACCD Participation Rates (1990 and 2000) 34 5.2. Participation Rates for the Broad Los Angeles Area, by Gender and Ethnicity (1990 and 2000) 35 5.3. Participation Rates for Female Students in the Broad Los Angeles Area, by Age and Ethnicity (1990 and 2000) 37 5.4. Participation Rates for Male Students by Age and Ethnicity in the Broad Los Angeles Area (1990 and 2000) 39 5.5. Participation Rates for Females and Males by Prior Educational Attainment (1990 and 2000) 40 6.1. CU and CSU Participation Rates in the Los Angeles Area (1990 and 2000) 42 6.2. UC and CSU Participation Rates in the Los Angeles Area, by Population Subgroup (1990 and 2000) 43 6.3. SMC Participation Rates (1990 and 2000) 45 7.1. LACCD Student Enrollment Growth, by College 48 8.1. LACCD, SMC, and Statewide Transfer and Enrollment Figures (1989/2001) 55 8.2. Expected Transfer Rates at LACCD, SMC, and All California Community Colleges (1993-99 Cohorts) 56 8.3. Weekly Student Contact Hours per Full-Time-Equivalent Faculty for LACCD and SMC (1994-2000) 59 A.1. Participation Rates for Female Students in LACCD's Legal Service Area, by Age and Ethnicity (1990 and 2000) 69 A.2. Participation Rates for Male Students in LACCD's Legal Service Area, by Age and Ethnicity (1990 and 2000) 70
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Los Angeles Community College District Finance, Community colleges California Los Angeles Finance