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Table of Contents Foreword xi Chapter 1 Diabetes Mellitus--An Overview 1 What Is Diabetes Mellitus? · Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes · Historical Perspective Chapter 2 Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes-- Two Different Disorders 7 Type 1 Diabetes · Type 2 Diabetes · Atypical Variations Chapter 3 Criteria for Diagnosing Diabetes 21 New Criteria · Impaired Category · Screening Guidelines · Treatment Goals Chapter 4 The Genetics of Diabetes 27 Risk of Inheriting Type 1 Diabetes · Risk of Inheriting Type 2 Diabetes · Gestational Diabetes Risk Chapter 5 Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) 31 Causes · Symptoms · Treatments · Non-Ketotic Syndrome Chapter 6 Diabetes & Pregnancy 37 Gestational Diabetes · Diagnosis · Management & Prognosis Chapter 7 Guidelines for Healthier Eating With Diabetes 45 Importance for Diabetic Control · Exchange Lists · Meal Planning Chapter 8 Insulin 63 Sources of Insulin · Different Types and Mode of Action · Cautions Regarding Use Chapter 9 Preparing & Injecting Insulin 69 Preparing & Injecting a Single Dose of Insulin · Selection of Injection Sites · How to Use an Insulin Pen Injector · How to Dispose of Syringes & Needles Chapter 10 Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar) 79 Causes of Low Blood Sugar Reactions · How to Recognize Hypoglycemia · Importance of Early Treatment · Comparison of Diabetic Coma & Insulin Reactions Chapter 11 Oral Drugs for Diabetes 91 Oral Agents · Combination Therapy With Oral Drugs · Dosage Mechanism of Action, Advantages & Disadvantages of the Oral Agents Chapter 12 Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) & Laboratory Testing for Glycosylated Hemoglobin 105 Benefits · Finger-Stick Method · Equipment · Glycosylated Hemoglobin Chapter 13 Patterns of Control & Sick Day Care 113 Information Gleaned From Careful Records in a Diary Form · When to Call Your Doctor · Sick Day Rules Chapter 14 Intensive Management of Diabetes 119 Affect on Vision · Renal Function · Nerve Tissue · Cardiovascular Disease Chapter 15 The Insulin Pump 125 Advantages Over Conventional Treatment · Description of Equipment & Maintenance · Getting Started Chapter 16 Obesity & Diabetes 131 How Obesity is Measured · Causes of Obesity · Importance of Weight Control · Treatment of Obesity Chapter 17 Benefits of Exercise 145 Beneficial Effects on Metabolism · Medical Clearance for Exercise · Appropriate Exercise Programs Chapter 18 Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes 155 "Good & Bad" Cholesterol · How to Decrease Risk of Heart Disease · Drug Treatment · Diet Chapter 19 Long-Term Complications of Diabetes 195 Neuropathy · Cardiovascular Disease · Retinopathy · Nephropathy Chapter 20 Travel and the Diabetic 209 Planning a Trip · Equipment to Take When Traveling · Necessary Precautions Chapter 21 Hygiene 213 Dental Care · Skin Care · Eye Care · Urinary Tract Infections Chapter 22 Care of the Feet 219 How to Avoid Ulcers & Infections · Importance of Early Diagnosis & Treatment · Routine Foot Care Chapter 23 Diabetes & Impotence 229 Causes · Medical Treatment · Surgical Treatment Chapter 24 Diabetes in Black Americans 237 Epidemiology of Diabetes in Black Americans · Need for Increased Awareness & Treatment Chapter 25 Straight Talk to Teenagers and Young Adults with Diabetes 243 What to Tell Friends and Teachers · How to Live a "Normal" Life · Answers to Frequently Asked Questions Chapter 26 Alternative Therapies for Diabetes 249 The Role of Alternative Treatments · Natural Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes · Botanical Hypoglycemics · Chromium and Other Minerals · Vitamins Chapter 27 Diabetes: The Cure 261 Pancreatic & Islet Cell Transplants · Overcoming Host vs. Graft Disease · Gene Therapy · Islet Cell Neogenesis · Co-Transplantation of Islet & Sertoli Cells · The Closed Loop · Prevention of Diabetes Glossary 281 Index 301
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Diabetes Popular works