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Table of Contents of
The Papers of Thomas Jefferson
Volume 12

edited by
Julian P. Boyd

Table of Contents, All Volumes   |  Catalog record and links to related information from the Library of Congress catalog

	
CONTENTS

{ 1787 }
 continued

August 7-31  September  October
November  December
ILLUSTRATIONS
{ 1788 }


August 7-31

To Langlade, 7 August                                3
To St. Victour, 7 August                             3
To Frederick Soffer, 7 August                        3
To Stael de Holstein, 7 August                       4
To William Frederick Ast, 8 August                   5
To John Churchman, 8 August                          5
To Richard Claiborne, 8 August                       6
To Francis Coffyn, 8 August                          6
To R. & A. Garvey, 8 August                          7
To Zachariah Loreilhe, 8 August                      7
To Benjamin Putnam, 8 August                         7
To David Ramsay, 8 August                            8
From Viel, 8 August                                  9
To Burrill Carnes, 9 August                          9
To C. W. F. Dumas, 9 August                         10
From Ferdinand Grand, 9 August                      10
To Jeudy de l'Hommande, 9 August                    11
From Andre Limozin, 9 August                        11
To Schweighauser & Dobree, 9 August                 11
To the Commissioners of the Treasury, 
  with Enclosure, 9 August                          12
To Peter Carr, with Enclosure, 
  10 August                                         14
From Bourdon des Planches, 10 August                19
From Andre Limozin, 10 August                       19
From Vaudreuil, 10 August                           20
From Wilt, Delmestre & Cie., 10 August              20
To Thomas Mann Randolph, Sr., 11 August             20
[To Bourdon des Planches, 12 August]                23
To Wilson Miles Cary, 12 August                     23
To George Gilmer, 12 August                         24
To Lewis Littlepage, 12 August                      27
To John Blair, 13 August                            27
From Thomas Blanchard, 13 August                    28
From John Bondfield, 13 August                      28
To Richard Cary, 13 August                          29
To the Rev. James Madison, 13 August                30
To Marbois, 13 August                               31
To David Humphreys, 14 August                       32
To Joseph Jones, 14 August                          33
To John Stockdale, 14 August                        35
To George Washington, 14 August                     36
To Gaudenzio Clerici, 15 August                     38
To John Jay, 15 August                              39
To James Madison, 15 August                         40
To John Sullivan, 15 August                         41
To Francis dal Verme, 15 August                     42
From Anthony Vieyra, 15 August                      43
From Francis Coffyn, 17 August                      44
From Thomas Paine, 18 August                        45
To William Frederick Ast, 19 August                 45
From Andre Limozin, 19 August                       46
[From James Madison, 19 August]                     47
[From Percey, 20 August]                            47
From Adam Walker, 20 August                         47
To the Georgia Delegates in Congress, 
  21 August                                         49
From St. Victour, 21 August                         49
From William Carmichael, 22 August                  50
From Burrill Carnes, 23 August                      52
From Madame de Colmare [23 August]                  52
To Madame de Colmare, 23 August                     53
[From Le Pommereux, 23 August]                      53
From R. & A. Garvey, 24 August                      53
From Andre Limozin, 24 August                       54
From Valade, 24 August                              54
From John Adams, 25 August                          55
From Thomas Blake, Jr., 25 August                   56
From Jonathan Jones, 25 August                      57
From Robert Montgomery, 25 August                   57
From Abbe de Reymond de St. Maurice, 
  26 August                                         58
From Lafayette, 27 August                           59
From John Trumbull, 28 August                       60
From Madame de Colmare, 29 August                   61
To Madame de Colmare, 29 August                     61
To the Editor of the Journal de Paris, 
  29 August                                         61
To Abigail Adams, 30 August                         65
To John Adams, 30 August                            66
To John Trumbull, 30 August                         69
From Francois Baudin, 31 August                     70
To Andre Limozin, 31 August                         70
From Andre Limozin, 31 August                       71
To William Stephens Smith, 31 August                71
From John Stockdale, 31 August                      73


September

To Moustier [1 September]                           74
From Madame de Brehan [ca. September]               75
To Andre Limozin, 2 September                       75
Documents on the American Tobacco Trade             76
    I. Jean Jacques B6rard & Cie. to the 
       Farmers-General, 14 July                     78
   II. Bdrard's Observations on the Tobacco 
       Trade [ca. 3 September]                      82
  III. Further Observations on the Tobacco 
       Trade [ca. October]                          91
[From Tench Coxe, 3 September]                      93
From Fanny Delagarde, 3 September                   93
To Fanny Delagarde, 3 September                     94
To R. & A. Garvey, 3 September                      95
From John Paul Jones, 4 September                   95
From C. W. F. Dumas, 5 September                    98
From John Adams, 6 September                        98
From William Carmichael, 6 September                99
From William Gordon, 6 September                   101
From James Madison, 6 September                    102
From Andre Limozin, 7 September                    104
From Anthony Gerna [8 September]                   104
From John Jay, 8 September                         105
To Montmorin, 8 September                          106
To Thomas Blake, Jr., 9 September                  107
To Thomas Blanchard, 9 September                   108
To John Bondfield, 9 September                     108
To Burrill Carnes, 9 September                     109
To Andre Limozin, 9 September                      110
To Zachariah Loreilhe, 9 September                 111
From Abigail Adams, 10 September                   111
From William Duer, 10 September                    113
To C. W. F. Dumas, 10 September                    113
To John van Heukelom & Son, 10 September           114
To Jonathan Jones, 10 September                    114
To Robert Montgomery, 10 September                 115
To John Stockdale, 10 September                    115
To Vaudreuil, 10 September                         116
To Anthony Vieyra, 10 September                    116
From John Bondfield, 11 September                  117
From Jean Francois Lesparat, 
  11 September                                     118
From Bouebe, 12 September                          119
From Fanny Delagarde, 13 September                 119
From Boutin, 14 September                          120
From Le Mesurier & Cie., 14 September              121
To Francisco Chiappe, 15 September                 121
From Malesherbes, 15 September                     123
To Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  15 September                                     123
From John Adams, 16 September                      124
From Madame Plumard de Bellanger,
  with Enclosure, 16 September                     124
To J. P. P. Derieux, 16 September                  125
To J. P. P. Derieux, 16 September                  126
To George Wythe, with Enclosure,
  16 September                                     127
To Thomas Barclay, 17 September                    130
From Burrill Carnes, 17 September                  131
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr.,
  17 September                                     131
To Alexander Donald, 17 September                  132
To Nicholas Lewis, 17 September                    134
To James Madison, 17 September                     136
From John Trumbull, 17 September                   138
To Mantel Duchoqueltz, 18 September                140
To Francis Hopkinson, 18 September                 140
From Lafayette, with Enclosure,
  18 September                                     140
To John Langdon, 18 September                      143
To David Rittenhouse, 18 September                 144
From William Stephens Smith,
  18 September                                     145
From William Stephens Smith,
  18 September                                     148
To the South Carolina Delegates 
  in Congress, 18 September                        148
To the Commissioners of the
  Treasury, 18 September                           149
From George Washington, 18 September               149
From Mary Barclay, 19 September                    150
To John Jay, 19 September                          150
To Francois Baudin, 20 September                   155
To Madame Plumard de Bellanger
  [20 September]                                   155
From Andre Limozin, 20 September                   156
To Le Mesurier & Cie., 20 September                158
To Charles Thomson, 20 September                   159
From John Bondfield, 21 September                  161
To Andre Limozin, 21 September                     162
From Montmorin, with Enclosure,
  21 September                                     162
From John Stockdale, 21 September                  163
[From Bouebe, 22 September]                        164
To Burrill Carnes, 22 September                    164
To John Jay, 22 September                          165
To John Jay, 22 September                          166
To Andre Limozin, 22 September                     167
To Andre Limozin, 22 September                     167
From Zachariah Loreilhe, 22 September              168
From C. W. F. Dumas, 23 September                  168
From Andre Limozin, 23 September                   169
To La Boullaye, 24 September                       170
To John Jay, 24 September                          171
To Andre Limozin, 24 September                     171
From Andre Limozin, 24 September                   171
From Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  24 September                                     172
To William Carmichael, 25 September                172
From Andre Limozin, 25 September                   179
From Richard O'Bryen, 25 September                 180
From Louis Guillaume Otto, 25 September            185
From Andre Limozin [26 September]                  185
From George Washington, 26 September               186
From D'Aranda [ca. 27 September]                   186
To D'Aranda, 27 September                          186
From D'Aranda, 27 September                        187
From John Banister, Jr., 27 September              187
From Madame Oster, 27 September                    188
To Jean Vautelet, 27 September                     188
To John Adams, 28 September                        189
From Burrill Carnes, 28 September                  191
From C. W. F. Dumas [28 September]                 191
From Jan Ingenhousz, 28 September                  191
From Moustier, 28 September                        192
To William Stephens Smith, 28 September            192
From C. W. F. Dumas, 29 September                  193
To Ferdinand Grand, 30 September                   194


October

To Buffon, 1 October                                194
To L. J. M. Daubenton, 1 October                    195
[From Jean Vautelet, 1 [October]]                   196
To Willink & Van Staphorst, 1 October               196
To Bouebe, 2 October                                196
From Richard Claiborne, 2 October                   197
From L. J. M. Daubenton, 2 October                  197
To Theresa Murphy, 2 October                        197
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 3 October               198
From Stephen Cathalan, Sr. [3 October]              198
To C. W. F. Dumas, 3 October                        199
To Abigail Adams, 4 October                         201
From Fantin Latour, 4 October                       202
To the Governor of South Carolina, 
  4 October                                         204
From William Stephens Smith, 4 October              204
To John Trumbull, 4 October                         206
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr. [5 October]              207
To John Sullivan, 5 October                         208
To the Agents for the United States 
  in France, 5 October                              209
From Nathaniel Barrett, 6 October                   210
From John Bondfield, 6 October                      210
To Pierre Samuel Dupont, 6 October                  211
To Victor Dupont, 6 October                         212
To Robert R. Livingston, 6 October                  213
From Andre Limozin [7 October]                      213
To Nathaniel Barrett, 8 October                     214
To John Jay, 8 October                              214
To John Jay, 8 October                              217
To James Madison, 8 October                         218
From William Stephens Smith, 8 October              220
From John Adams, 9 October                          220
To Madame de Brehan, 9 October                      222
From Burrill Carnes [ca. 9 October]                 222
From Francis Coffyn, 9 October                      222
To Fantin Latour, 9 October                         223
To Andre Limozin, 9 October                         223
To Zachariah Loreilhe, 9 October                    224
To Moustier, 9 October                              224
From Moustier, 9 October                            225
To Edward Rutledge, 9 October                       225
From John Bondfield, 10 October                     226
From Cavelier, 10 October                           226
From Dr. Lambert, 10 October                        226
To John Stockdale, 10 October                       227
From Guiraud & Portas, 11 October                   228
[William Lewis to Thomas Lee Shippen, 
  11 October]                                       228
From Andre Limozin, 11 October                      234
To John Trumbull, 11 October                        235
From John Bondfield, 12 October                     235
From Le Mesurier & Cie., 13 October                 236
From Benjamin Franklin, 14 October                  236
From Andre Limozin, 14 October                      237
From Andre Limozin [14 October]                     237
From William Carmichael, 15 October                 238
From Fernan-Nunez, 15 October                       242
From Robert Montgomery, 15 October                  242
From William Stephens Smith, 
  15 October                                        243
To Madame Townsend, 15 October                      243
From Andre Limozin, 16 October                      244
To Andre Limozin, 17 October                        244
To Philip Mazzei, 17 October                        245
To Madame de Tesse, 17 October                      245
[To Andre Thouin, 17 October]                       246
To Madame de Corny, 18 October                      246
From Madame de Tesse, 18 October                    247
From Moustier, 19 October                           247
From John Bondfield, 20 October                     248
To Guiraud & Portas, 20 October                     249
From Ralph Izard, 20 October                        249
From Andre Limozin, 20 October                      250
To Martin Oster, 20 October                         251
From Madame de Brehan, 22 October                   251
From Edward Carrington, 23 October                  252
From Edward Carrington, 23 October                  252
From C. W. F. Dumas, 23 October                     257
From Fremyn de Fontenille, 23 October               258
From Lambert to La Boullaye, 
  23 October                                        259
From Abbe Morellet, 23 October                      262
From Edward Rutledge, 23 October                    263
To Fremyn de Fontenille, 24 October                 265
From John Jay, 24 October                           265
From John Jay, 24 October                           268
From John Paul Jones, 24 October                    269
From James Madison, 24 October                      270
To Abbe Morellet, 24 October                        286
From John Rutledge, 24 October                      287
From Lacepede, 25 October                           287
From James Maury, 25 October                        288
[From Richard O'Bryen, 25 October]                  288
From Zaccheus Coffin, 26 October                    288
From C. W. F. Dumas, 26 October                     289
From William Stephens Smith, 
  26 October                                        289
From Le Mau de L'Ecossay, 
  27 October                                        290
From John Adams, 28 October                         291
To John Jay [28] October                            293
To Andre Limozin and Others, 
  28 October                                        294
To Moustier [28] October                            294
From Christopher Gadsden, 29 October                295
From John Trumbull, 30 October                      297
From Wernecke, 30 October                           298
From Brailsford & Morris, 
  31 October                                        298
From David Bushnell, October                        303
From Salmour [October]                              305


November

[From Andre Thouin, 1 November]                     305
From Andre Limozin, 2 November                      305
From Moustier, 2 November                           306
To John Sullivan, 2 November                        307
From John Trumbull, 2 November                      307
To Mary Barclay, 3 November                         308
From Madame de Brehan, 3 November                   308
To John Jay, 3 November                             309
To John Jay, 3 November                             314
From John Jay, 3 November                           316
From La Blancherie, 3 November                      317
To Lambert, 3 November                              318
From John Lowell, 3 November                        318
From Moustier, 3 November                           319
[From Anne Randolph, 3 November]                    319
From Beaufort, 4 November                           320
From Stephen Cathalan, Sr., 
  4 November                                        320
From John Brown Cutting, 4 November                 321
To R. & A. Garvey, 4 November                       323
From William Carmichael, 5 November                 323
To Pierre Samuel Dupont 
  [before 5 November]                               325
From Pierre Samuel Dupont, 5 November               325
From R. & A. Garvey, 5 November                     327
[From Lafayette [5?] November]                      327
From Madame Townsend, 5 November                    327
From Pierre Samuel Dupont, 6 November               328
To Pierre Samuel Dupont [6 November]                328
To Madame Townsend, 6 November                      329
To John Jay, 7 November                             330
From Madame Townsend, 7 November                    330
To Madame Townsend, 7 November                      331
From St. John de Crevecoeur, 
  9 November                                        332
To La Blancherie, 9 November                        333
From Andre Limozin, 9 November                      334
From Lewis Littlepage, 9 November                   334
From John Adams, 10 November                        334
From Edward Carrington, 10 November                 335
From R. & A. Garvey, 10 November                    337
From Ralph Izard, 10 November                       338
From John Rutledge, Jr., 10 November                340
From the Commissioners of the 
  Treasury, 10 November                             341
From Mary Barclay [11 November]                     343
To Ferdinand Grand, 11 November                     343
From La Blancherie, 11 November                     344
From Alexander Donald, 12 November                  345
From Jean Antoine Houdon, 
  12 November                                       348
From La Boullaye, 12 November                       348
To John Rutledge, Jr., 12 November                  349
To John Adams, 13 November                          349
To John Bondfield, 13 November                      351
To Stephen Cathalan, Sr., 
  13 November                                       352
To Dr. Lambert, 13 November                         353
To Andre Limozin, 13 November                       354
To James Maury, 13 November                         354
To William Stephens Smith, 
  13 November                                       355
From Madame Townsend, 13 November                   357
From the Commissioners of the 
  Treasury, 13 November                             357
To John Trumbull, 13 November                       358
From Jacob Vernes, 13 November                      359
From American Captains and Masters 
  of Vessels at L'Orient,
  14 November                                       359
To C. W. F. Dumas, 14 November                      359
From C. W. F. Dumas, 14 November                    360
[From Honnore, 14 November]                         360
To Wernecke, 14 November                            360
From William Carmichael, 15 November                361
To R. & A. Garvey, 15 November                      366
To Lambert, 15 November                             366
From R. & A. Garvey, 17 November                    366
From Andre Limozin, 18 November                     367
From Lauzier, 19 November                           370
From Andre Limozin, 19 November                     370
From Thomas Mann Randolph, Sr., 
  19 November                                       370
From William Frederick Ast, 
  20 November                                       371
From Aaron Stephenson, 20 November                  372
From Stephen Cathalan, Sr., 
  21 November                                       373
To R. & A. Garvey, 21 November                      374
From John Churchman, 22 November                    374
From Dubosq, 22 November                            375
From C. W. F. Dumas, 22 November                    376
To Lauzier, 22 November                             376
From Lucy Ludwell Paradise, 
  22 November                                       377
From J. David Divoux, 23 November                   377
From Lanchon Freres & Cie., 
  23 November                                       378
From Zachariah Loreilhe, 23 November                378
To Mary Barclay, 24 November                        379
From Joseph Barrell, 24 November                    379
From Anthony Garvey, 24 November                    379
From William Drayton, 25 November                   380
From Brizard, 26 November                           382
From C. W. F. Dumas, 27 November                    382
From Joseph Fenwick, 27 November                    384
To Anthony Garvey, 29 November                      384
[From Thomas Barclay, 30 November]                  385
From John Bondfield, 30 November                    385
From C. W. F. Dumas, 30 November                    386
[From Jarnac, 30 November]                          386


December

From Maria Cosway [1 December?]                     387
To Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  1 December                                        387
To Stephen Cathalan, Sr., 
  2 December                                        388
From C. W. F. Dumas, 2 December                     388
From James Maury, 2 December                        389
[From Martha Jefferson Carr, 
  3 December]                                       390
From William Stephens Smith, 
  3 December                                        390
To Brizard, 4 December                              392
From Clerisseau, 4 December                         393
From Du Bois, 4 December                            393
To Du Bois, 4 December                              393
From C. W. F. Dumas, 4 December                     394
From Abigail Adams, 5 December                      394
From William Shippen, 5 December                    395
From the Commissioners of the 
  Treasury, 5 December                              395
From John Adams, 6 December                         396
[From John Adams, 6 December]                       397
From H. Fizeaux & Cie., 
  6 [December]                                      397
To Montmorin, with Enclosure, 
  6 December                                        398
From William Stephens Smith, 
  6 December                                        401
From Nathaniel Barrett, 7 December                  401
From Berenger de Beaufain, 
  7 December                                        402
From Maria Cosway [7 December]                      403
To Lambert, 7 December                              403
From John Trumbull, 7 December                      405
From Carra, 8 December                              406
To C. W. F. Dumas, 9 December                       406
From John Lowell, 9 December                        408
From James Madison, 9 December                      408
From John Adams, 10 December                        413
From Peter Carr, 10 December                        414
From Maria Cosway, 10 December                      415
From James Jarvis, 10 December                      415
From Uriah Forrest, 11 December                     416
From Abigail Adams, 12 December                     417
To John Adams, 12 December                          417
[From Henry Remsen, Jr., 
  12 December]                                      418
To La Boullaye, 13 December                         418
To Carra, 13 December                               420
To H. Fizeaux & Cie., 13 December                   420
[From H. Fizeaux & Cie., 
  13 December]                                      421
To Nicolas van Staphorst, 
  13 December                                       421
To Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  13 December                                       422
From Francis Hopkinson, 14 December                 423
To William Carmichael, 15 December                  423
From Alexander Donald, 15 December                  427
To John Adams, 16 December                          429
From Eugene MacCarthy, 16 December                  430
To De Corny, 17 December                            430
To Parent, 17 December                              431
From John Adams, 18 December                        431
From Francois Baudin, 18 December                   432
To Berenger de Beaufain, 18 December                433
To John Bondfield, 18 December                      434
To D'Yquem, 18 December                             435
From C. W. F. Dumas, 18 December                    435
[From Uriah Forrest, 18 December]                   436
[From Harrison, 18 December]                        436
From Andre Limozin, 18 December                     436
From Andre Limozin, 18 December                     436
From Stephen Cathalan, Sr., 
  19 December                                       437
From John Paul Jones 
  [ca. 19 December]                                 438
[From Ferdinand Grand, 20 December]                 438
[From John Langdon, 20 December]                    438
To James Madison, 20 December                       438
From James Madison, 20 December                     443
To Edward Carrington, 21 December                   445
To John Jay, 21 December                            447
From La Boullaye, 22 December                       449
From La Platiere, 22 December                       450
To Andre Limozin, 22 December                       450
To Quesnay de Beaurepaire, 
  22 December                                       452
From George Gilmer, 23 December                     452
[From John Paul Jones, 24 December]                 454
From Andre Limozin, 24 December                     454
From Parent, 24 December                            455
From Nicolas & Jacob van Staphorst, 
  24 December                                       456
From Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  24 December                                       457
From John Adams, 25 December                        458
From Maria Cosway, 25 December                      459
From Lafayette [25? December]                       460
From John Rutledge, 25 December                     461
To John Paul Jones, 26 December                     462
From Giuseppe Chiappe, 27 December                  462
To H. Fizeaux & Cie., 27 December                   463
To La Platiere, 27 December                         463
To Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 
  28 December                                       464
From Lanchon Freres & Cie., 
  28 December                                       465
From Andre Limozin, 28 December                     465
To Parent, 28 December                              465
From Robert Shewell, 28 December                    466
From Lambert, with Enclosure, 
  29 December                                       466
From Brissot de Warville, 
  30 December                                       471
To H. Fizeaux & Cie., 30 December                   471
To the Commissioners of the 
  Treasury, 30 December                             472
To Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  30 December                                       473
To John Adams, 31 December                          474
[To the Agents for the United States 
  in France, 31 December]                           475
From Burrill Carnes 
  [before 31 December]                              475
From Burrill Carnes [ca. 31 December]               475
To Uriah Forrest, with Enclosure, 
  31 December                                       475
To John Jay, 31 December                            479
To Andre Limozin, 31 December                       483
From Abbe Morellet, 31 December                     484
To William Stephens Smith, 
  31 December                                       484
From Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  31 December                                       485
From Madame d'Aujouer                               485
From Jacques Finck                                  485



{ 1788 }

January  February  March


January

From Alexander Donald, 1 January                    486
William Short to John Jay, 
  1 January                                         487
To John Stockdale, 1 January                        488
From George Washington, 1 January                   488
From Nathaniel Barrett, 2 January                   491
To Andre Limozin, 2 January                         492
From John Rutledge, Jr., 
  2 January                                         492
To G. Boutelier, Pere & Fils, 
  3 January                                         493
To Burrill Carnes, 3 January                        493
To Lambert, 3 January                               493
From Andre Limozin, 3 January                       494
To Eugene MacCarthy, 3 January                      494
To Thomas Newell, 3 January                         495
To Nicolas & Jacob van Staphorst, 
  3 January                                         495
From Andre Limozin, 4 January                       496
From Hogguer, Grand & Cie., 
  5 January                                         496
From Andre Limozin, 5 January                       497
To Burrill Carnes, 6 January                        497
From Elizabeth Wayles Eppes, 
  6 January                                         497
To William Macarty, 6 January                       498
From Quesnay de Beaurepaire, 
  6 January                                         498
To Quesnay de Beaurepaire, 
  6 January                                         499
To Robert Shewell, 6 January                        500
From Francis Coffyn, 7 January                      500
From Lur-Saluces, 7 January                         500
From William Stephens Smith, 
  9 January                                         501
From Brailsford & Morris, 
  10 January                                        505
From Le Roy, 10 January                             505
From Andre Limozin, 10 January                      506
From Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  10 January                                        506
From Andre Limozin, 11 January                      506
To John Adams, 13 January                           506
From Mary Barclay, 13 January                       507
To William Drayton, 13 January                      507
To Hogguer, Grand & Cie., 
  13 January                                        508
To Andre Limozin, 13 January                        509
To the South Carolina Delegates 
  in Congress, 13 January                           509
From Jacob van Staphorst, 
  13 January                                        510
To Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  13 January                                        510
From William Macarty, 14 January                    511
From William Macarty, 14 January                    512
From Wilt, Delmestre & Cie., 
  14 January                                        513
From John Bondfield, 15 January                     514
From Burrill Carnes, 15 January                     515
From De Grasse, 15 January                          516
From Parent, 16 January                             516
From William Stephens Smith, 
  16 January                                        517
To John Stockdale, 16 January                       518
From Robert Walker, 16 [January?]                   518
From William Franklin, 18 January                   519
To De Grasse, 18 January                            519
From Eugene MacCarthy, 18 January                   520
From Maupin, 18 January                             520
From De Grasse, 19 January                          521
To De Grasse, 19 January                            521
From Andre Limozin, 19 January                      522
To William Macarty, 19 January                      522
To Wilt, Delmestre & Cie., 
  19 January                                        523
From Blome, 20 January                              523
From Johann Ludwig de Unger, 
  20 January                                        523
To Bernstorff, 21 January                           525
From J. Louis Brethoux, 21 January                  526
From William Macarty, 21 January                    527
To Andre Limozin, 22 January                        527
To Joseph-Leonard Poirey, 
  22 January                                        529
From Jan Ingenhousz, with Note 
  by Jefferson, 23 January                          529
From Sarsfield [before 23 January]                  530
From Sarsfield, 23 January                          531
To John Paul Jones, 24 January                      531
From Andre Limozin, 24 January                      532
From Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 
  25 January                                        534
From William Macarty, 25 January                    535
To Montmorin, 26 January                            536
From J. P. P. Derieux, 28 January                   536
[From Pelegrino de Mamo, 
  28 January]                                       539
From William Carmichael, 29 January                 539
From John Adams, 31 January                         539
[From John Banister, Sr., 
  31 January]                                       539
To Maria Cosway [31] January                        539
To Elie Lefebvre Freres, 31 January                 541
From James Swan, 31 January                         541
From Nicolas & Jacob van 
  Staphorst, 31 January                             542
From Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  with Enclosures, 31 January                       543
Memoranda Concerning Algiers 
  [ca. January]                                     549
From Madame de Corny [ca. January]                  551


February

To William Carmichael, 1 February                   552
From Anthony Garvey, 1 February                     552
From Andre Limozin, 1 February                      552
To Abigail Adams, with Enclosure, 
  2 February                                        553
From Samuel Blackden, 2 February                    554
From Gaudenzio Clerici, 2 February                  555
To John Rutledge, Jr., 2 February                   556
To William Stephens Smith, with 
  Enclosure, 2 February                             557
From Parent, 3 February                             560
From Elie Lefebvre Freres, 
  4 February                                        560
From Collow Freres, Carmichael & 
  Co., 5 February                                   561
From C. W. F. Dumas, 5 February                     562
To John Jay, 5 February                             563
From Zachariah Loreilhe, 5 February                 565
To John Adams, 6 February                           566
To William Drayton, 6 February                      567
To Henry Knox, 6 February                           567
To Andre Limozin, 6 February                        568
To James Madison, 6 February                        568
To Alexander Donald, 7 February                     570
To the Georgia Delegates in 
  Congress, 7 February                              572
To the Commissioners of the 
  Treasury, 7 February                              573
To Andre Limozin, 8 February                        575
To William Frederick Ast, 9 February                575
To William Franklin, 9 February                     575
To Anthony Garvey, 9 February                       576
To James Swan, 9 February                           576
From Andre Limozin, 10 February                     577
From Brissot de Warville, 10 February               577
To Brissot de Warville, 11 February                 577
From Brissot de Warville, 
  11 February                                       578
From Jean Nicolas Demeunier, 
  11 February                                       578
From Lambert, 11 February                           580
From John Adams, 12 February                        581
To Samuel Blackden, 12 February                     582
To C. W. F. Dumas, 12 February                      583
From C. W. F. Dumas, 12 February                    585
From La Vingtrie [before 12 February]               585
To La Vingtrie, 12 February                         586
To Zachariah Loreilhe, 12 February                  587
From Francis dal Verme, 12 February                 587
From Moustier, 13 February                          589
[From Angenend, 14 February]                        591
To Andre Limozin, 14 February                       591
From Bertrand, 15 February                          592
To Collow Freres, Carmichael & Co., 
  15 February                                       593
To Jean Nicolas Demeunier, 
  15 February                                       593
To Alexander Donald, 15 February                    594
To Pierre Samuel Dupont, 15 February                595
From Benjamin Franklin, 15 February                 596
To Andre Thouin, 15 February                        596
Memoranda for John Trumbull 
  [ca. 15 February]                                 597
To Schweighauser & Dobree, 
  16 February                                       598
To Johann Ludwig de Unger, 
  16 February                                       599
From Simon Berard, 17 [February]                    599
To Angelica Schuyler Church, 
  17 February                                       600
From Richard Claiborne, 17 February                 601
From Andre Limozin, 17 February                     602
From John Trumbull [17 February]                    603
To Bertrand, 18 February                            603
To La Boullaye, 18 February                         604
From William Macarty, 18 February                   604
From John Rutledge, Jr., 
  18 February                                       605
From John Trumbull, 18 February                     607
[From Jacob Vernes, 18 February]                    607
From James Madison, 19 February                     607
From Thomas Paine, 19 February                      610
To John Adams, 20 February                          611
From James Madison, 20 February                     611
To Parent, 20 February                              612
From Henry Remsen, Jr., 20 February                 612
To John Trumbull, 20 February                       612
From Abigail Adams, 21 February                     613
To J. Louis Brethoux, 21 February                   614
To C. W. F. Dumas, 21 February                      614
To Andre Limozin, 21 February                       615
To John Bondfield, 22 February                      616
From C. W. F. Dumas, 22 February                    616
[From Dr. Lambert, 22 February]                     617
To Pichard, 22 February                             617
From William Stephens Smith, 
  22 February                                       618
From William Stephens Smith, 
  22 February                                       620
From John Stockdale, 22 February                    621
From John Trumbull, 22 February                     622
From Jean-Armand Tronchin, 
  23 February                                       623
[From Segond, 25 February]                          623
From Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  25 February                                       623
From Abigail Adams, 26 February                     624
To William Frederick Ast, 
  26 February                                       625
To Simon Berard, 26 February                        626
From Giuseppe Chiappe, 26 February                  626
To William Macarty, 26 February                     627
To Jean-Armand Tronchin, 
  26 February                                       627
From John Trumbull, 26 February                     629
From Andre Limozin, 27 February                     630
To Lormerie, 27 February                            630
To John Rutledge, Jr., 27 February                  631
To Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr., 
  28 February                                       631
From Capellen, 29 February                          632
From William Stephens Smith, 
  29 February                                       633
From Lamarque & Fabre, February                     633


March

From Charles Bellini, 1 March                       634
From Joseph Bernard, 1 March                        634
From Madame de Brehan, 1 March                      635
From James Swan, 1 March                            636
To John Adams, 2 March                              637
To Brack, 2 March                                   638
To C. W. F. Dumas, 2 March                          639
To Montmorin, 2 March                               639
To Stephen Cathalan, Jr., 
  3 March                                           639
To Andre Limozin and Others, 
  3 March                                           640
From Robert R. Livingston, 
  3 March                                           640
To William Macarty, 3 March                         640
To Montmorin, 3 March                               641
From Abbe Morellet, 3 March                         641
From Parent, 3 March                                642
To Schweighauser & Dobree, 
  3 March                                           642
To John Trumbull, 3 March                           643
From Goldsmith, 4 March                             643
From Stephen Cathalan, Sr., 
  6 March                                           643
From Francisco Chiappe, 6 March                     644
From Giuseppe Chiappe, 6 March                      644
From Maria Cosway, 6 March                          645
From Montmorin, 6 March                             646
From William Short, 6 March                         646
From John Trumbull, 6 March                         647
From John Bondfield, 7 March                        648
From John Page, 7 March                             650
From David Ramsay, 7 March                          654
To Capellen, 8 March                                655
To James Madison, 8 March                           656
From Angelica Schuyler Church, 
  9 March                                           656
From La Blancherie, 9 March                         657
From William Short, 9 March                         657
[From William Frederick Ast, 
  10 March]                                         658
From Monfort, 10 March                              658
[From Martin Oster, 10 March]                       658
To William Short, 10 March                          659
From John Paul Jones, 11 March                      659
From Collow Freres, Carmichael & 
  Co., 12 March                                     661
To John Jay, 13 March                               661
From Moustier, 13 March                             662
To William Short, 13 March                          665
From C. W. F. Dumas, 14 March                       666
From Lanchon Freres & Cie., 
  14 March                                          667
[From Parish and Thomson, 14 March]                 667
From William Short, 14 March                        667
From [Nicolas?] van Staphorst 
  [ca. 14 March]                                    669
From Lucy Paradise Barziza, 
  15 March                                          669
From Barziza, 15 March                              670
To C. W. F. Dumas, 16 March                         670
To John Jay, with Enclosures, 
  16 March                                          671
From Brailsford & Morris, 17 March                  676
From William Short, 17 March                        676
From Peter Carr, 18 March                           677
To Van Damme, 18 March                              678
From C. W. F. Dumas, 18 March                       679
To Geismar, 18 March                                680
From John Paul Jones, 18 March                      680
William Short to John Jay, 
  18 March                                          681
From Collow Freres, Carmichael 
  & Co., 19 March                                   684
From Collow Freres, Carmichael 
  & Co., 20 March                                   684
From John Paul Jones, 20 March                      685
[From Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr., 
  20 March]                                         685
From Francois Boissel, 21 March                     685
To Van Damme, 21 March                              687
From La Boullaye, 22 March                          687
From Francis Coffyn, 23 March                       687
To Van Damme, 23 March                              688
From C. W. F. Dumas, 23 March                       689
From John Paul Jones, 25 March                      690
From La Blancherie, 25 March                        690
From Stephen Cathalan, Sr., 
  26 March                                          691
From Geismar, 26 March                              691
To John Paul Jones, 27 March                        692
To Andre Limozin, 27 March                          693
To John Trumbull, 27 March                          693
From Bourdon des Planches, 
  29 March                                          694
To C. W. F. Dumas, 29 March                         695
To William Short, 29 March                          696
To the Commissioners of the 
  Treasury, 29 March                                698
To Willink & Van Staphorst, 
  29 March                                          701
From Madame Duplessy, 31 March                      701



ILLUSTRATIONS

                                                            FACING PAGE
DEMOLITION OF HOUSES ON THE PONT NOTRE-DAME,
PAINTING BY HUBERT ROBERT, 1786                                      34

  Reporting on the "wonderful improvements" taking place
  in Paris, Jefferson wrote to David Humphreys, 14 August
  1787, that "one of the old bridges has all its houses demol-
  ished, and a second nearly so." The first of the bridges re-
  ferred to by Jefferson-the Pont Notre-Dame, connecting
  the Ile de la Cite with the Right Bank-is shown in the
  painting by Hubert Robert reproduced here. The view is
  taken from the Right Bank looking west. Beneath the
  arches of the Pont Notre-Dame can be seen the Pont au
  Change, the second of the bridges mentioned by Jefferson
  (painted by Hubert Robert, during the demolition of its
  houses, in 1788, in another canvas also in the Musee
  Carnavalet). The third bridge visible here is the Pont
  Neuf. The removal of the houses from the old bridges was
  generally considered one of the important urban improve-
  ments of the reign of Louis XVI: Sebastien Mercier, for
  example, in his Tableau de Paris, referred triumphantly to
  the "unshackled bridges," cleared of their "Visigothic"
  obstructions. (Courtesy of the Musee Carnavalet, Paris,
  through Howard C. Rice, Jr.)


THE SALON OF 1787                                                    35

  Engraving by P. A. Martini. The public exhibitions of
  the Academie Royale de Peinture et Sculpture were held
  every two years, opening on Saint Louis' Day (August
  25), in the Salon Carre of the Louvre-hence the extended
  meaning of the word "salon." In his letter, of 30 Aug.
  1787 to John Trumbull, Jefferson urged the young Ameri-
  can artist to come from London to see the Salon, enclosing
  a catalogue and commenting on several of the works
  shown. The "best thing," according to Jefferson, was
  David's "Death of Socrates," painted for M. de Trudaine
  (acquired in 1931 by the Metropolitan Museum of Art,
  New York), visible here in the bottom row, left of center.
  On the walls at right and left can be seen Hubert Robert's
  series of the Roman antiquities of Provence (commissioned
  by the King for the Palace at Fontainebleau, now in the
  Louvre)-the Maison Carree, the Pont du Gard, and other
  "remains of Roman grandeur" that Jefferson had admired
  during his journey into Southern France several months
  earlier. Madame Vigee-Lebrun's portrait of Queen Marie-
  Antoinette and her three children is in the very center of
  the engraving, while the "crucifixion by Roland [de la
  Porte]," mentioned by Jefferson, hangs in the bottom row,
  extreme left. Historical canvases by such artists as David,
  Vien, Doyen, La Grenee and others-a genre also practiced
  in London by Benjamin West and his pupil John Trum-
  bull-predominated in this Salon, as they did in 1785 and
  1789. Many of the visitors depicted by Martini in this
  engraving are holding the livret of the exhibition; the tiny
  numerals inscribed in the corners of the paintings corre-
  spond to the numbers in this catalogue. (Courtesy of the
  Cabinet des Estampes, Bibliotheque Nationale, through
  Howard C. Rice, Jr.)


PRELIMINARY SKETCH OF COL. DEUX-PONTS FOR TRUM-
BULL'S "SURRENDER OF LORD CORNWALLIS AT YORK-
TOWN"                                                                66

  Trumbull's sketch for the figure of Col. Deux-Ponts and
  his notes concerning the military dress of the French
  soldiers for his painting of the surrender at Yorktown
  were doubtless made in Jefferson's house in Paris, where
  the portraits of the French officers were painted. See over-
  leaf illustration; also John Trumbull to TJ, 28 Aug.,
  17 Sep. and 7 Dec. 1787; TJ to Trumbull, 13 Nov. 1787.
  (Courtesy of The Yale Gallery of Fine Arts.)


DETAILS FROM TRUMBULL'S PAINTING OF THE "SUR-
RENDER OF LORD CORNWALLIS AT YORKTOWN"                               67


  These enlarged details from Trumbull's painting, which
  he completed in London before 1797, depict the heads of
  Rochambeau (upper left), Lafayette (upper right), Chas-
  tellux, Viomenil, Barras, and De Grasse (below, left to
  right), taken from the portraits and sketches "painted
  from life, in Mr. Jefferson's house" in the winter of 1787-
  1788. Trumbull considered his work in Paris that winter
  "as the best of my small portraits." See The Autobiogra-
  phy of Colonel John Trumbull, ed. Theodore Sizer, p. 152;
  John Trumbull to TJ, 28 Aug.; and references mentioned
  for the preceding illustration. (Courtesy of The Yale Gal-
  lery of Fine Arts. )


THE HERMITAGE ON MONT CALVAIRE, OR MONT VALE-
RIEN, SEEN FROM THE BOIS DE BOULOGNE                                482

  This engraving by De Monchy, after a drawing made in
  1766 by Simon Mathurin Lantara, shows Mont Calvaire
  (also known as Mont Valerien) substantially as it was in
  1786-1788 when Jefferson went there for week-end visits.
  See TJ to Mme. de Corny, 18 Oct. 1787; Fremin de
  Fontenille to TJ, 23 Oct. 1787; TJ to Fremin de Fonte-
  nille, 24 Oct. 1787; TJ to John Adams, 31 Dec. 1787.
  On the top of the hill, rising above the village of Suresnes
  and across the Seine from Longchamps and the Bois de
  Boulogne, were situated the church of the Priests of Cal-
  vary, a popular pilgrimage, and also buildings housing a
  community of lay brothers known as the Hermits of Mount
  Calvary. The latter cultivated their vineyards (producing
  vin de Suresnes), manufactured excellent silk stockings,
  and received paying guests who, according to Sebastien
  Mercier in his Tableau de Paris, "enjoyed good air, a mag-
  nificent view, and found comfort for body as well as for
  soul." Although Martha Jefferson was not strictly accurate
  when she referred, in her latter-day reminiscences of her
  father's life in Paris, to this spot as a Carthusian mon-
  astery, it was nevertheless a "chartreuse," or retreat, in the
  extended meaning of the word (OED). During the nine-
  teenth century Mont Valerien was used for military pur-
  poses, a fort replacing the shrine and hermitage. For
  further discussion and reproduction of a page from the
  Hermits' account book recording Jefferson's visits, see
  H. C. Rice, Jr., "Jefferson in Europe a Century Later,
  Notes of a Roving Researcher," Princeton University
  Library Chronicle, XII (1950), 19-35; and his "Les
  Visites de Jefferson au Mont-Valerien," Bulletin de la So-
  ciete Historique de Suresnes, III, 13 (1953-54), 46-49.
  (Courtesy of M. Rene Sordes, Suresnes, through Howard
  C. Rice, Jr.)


AN ACT FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF THE COMMERCE
OF FRANCE WITH THE UNITED STATES                                    483

  First page of the corrected proof sheets of the arret of 29
  Dec. 1787 which William Short enclosed in his letter to
  John Jay, 1 Jan. 1788, q.v. See also Lambert to TJ, 29
  Dec. 1787, where the English text of this arret is printed
  in full as an enclosure and this copy described in note.
  (Courtesy of the National Archives.)


RECEIPT OF THE POLYGRAPHIC SOCIETY FOR A PICTURE
PURCHASED BY JOHN TRUMBULL FOR JEFFERSON                            483

  Jefferson first saw and became interested in the copying of
  oil paintings by a mechanical process when he was in
  England in the spring of 1786-at about the same time
  that he was investigating the possibilities of "polytype"
  printing (Vol. 10: 316-24). Jefferson was naturally inter-
  ested in this process, described as one which "without any
  injury whatever to the original painting . . . produces
  such an exact copy, or likeness, as cannot, without diffi-
  culty and close attention, be distinguished from the arche-
  type ... while the price ... to the public is a trifle." The
  promise of economy as well as improvement appealed to
  Jefferson: in asking Trumbull to procure one of the prints,
  he said, "like the rest of the world, I like to have good
  things at a small price." See TJ to Trumbull, 13 Nov.
  1787, for a note concerning An Address ... on the Poly-
  graphic Art from which the above description is taken;
  also Trumbull to TJ, 7 Dec. 1787, 22 Feb. and 6 Mch.
  1788. (Courtesy of the Massachusetts Historical Society.)


JOHN ADAMS. PORTRAIT BY MATHER BROWN, 1788                          514

  This portrait of Adams was painted at Jefferson's request,
  and was sent to him in Paris in the spring of 1788, to-
  gether with one of the portraits of himself painted by
  Brown in London in the late summer of 1788, the other
  copy of which was painted for Adams. See Vol. 1, facing
  p. 3; TJ to W. S. Smith, 31 Dec. 1787 and 2 Feb. 1788;
  from W. S. Smith, 16 Jan. 1788; from Trumbull, 22 Feb.,
  6 Mch., 23 May, 20 June 1788; to Trumbull, 18 May
  1788. (Courtesy of The Boston Athenaeum.)


BIRTHDAY ILLUMINATIONS FOR THE PRINCE OF ORANGE,
ROTTERDAM, 8 MARCH 1788                                             515

  "The illuminations were the most splendid I had ever seen
  and the roar of joy the most universal I had ever heard,"
  Jefferson wrote to William Short (10 March 1788) after
  his passage through Rotterdam on the evening of 8 March.
  The engraving reproduced here, by F. Sansom after A.
  Boon, comes from a commemorative volume of plates
  issued at the time: Nicolaas Cornel, Verheerlijkt en ver-
  licht Rotterdam, of beschryving der plechtige illuminatien
  en decoratien, welken binnen voornoemde Stad hebben
  plaats gehad, den 8sten Maart 1788, Rotterdam, [1788].
  The legend of the engraving reads: "Picture of the Illumi-
  nation and Decoration on the House of the True Patriotic
  Society on the Westnieuwland in Rotterdam on the first
  joyful Birthday of His Illustrious Highness after the long-
  desired and successful Reestablishment of the Country's
  old and blessed Constitution on the 8th of March 1788,
  [executed] under the direction of . . . Johan Philip de
  Monte . . . and . . . Matthius Theodorus Peypers, both
  directors of this Society." The birthday celebration in
  Rotterdam symbolized the Orangist triumph in the civil
  strife of the previous autumn-events that, because of
  France's failure to support the Patriot cause, filled Jef-
  ferson with none of the joy felt by the burghers of Rotter-
  dam. The triumph of the Stadtholder's party, supported
  by England and Prussia, had a direct bearing, in different
  ways, upon the personal lives of several of Jefferson's
  correspondents. Van Hogendorp, with whom he had cor-
  responded so warmly until the autumn of 1786, had
  linked his fortunes to the Orangist cause, and indeed, as
  Raadpensionaris, had conveyed to Their Illustrious High-
  nesses the official greetings of the City of Rotterdam at
  this 8 March celebration. (There is no evidence that Jeffer-
  son saw Van Hogendorp, or made any effort to do so, as he
  passed through Rotterdam on this festive occasion.) The
  Orangist victory, on the other hand, had brought threats
  of violence and great uneasiness of mind to C. W. F.
  Dumas, the American agent at The Hague; sent many
  Dutch patriots into exile in France (see Van der Capellen
  to TJ, 29 Feb. 1788); and caused others, such as Van der
  Kemp (see TJ to Madison, 8 March 1788), to set out for
  America. (Courtesy of the Rijksarchief, The Hague,
  through Howard C. Rice, Jr.)
			

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