Malecki, Edward J., 1949-
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Preface page xi Acknowledgements xiii List of abbreviations xv Chapter 1 Economic growth and development at the local, regional and national levels 1 Cores and peripheries 3 Technology, regions and economic development 5 Growth or development? 11 The traditional competitiveness of a regional economy: the economic base 15 Which economic base is best? 21 The service sector: engine of growth? 26 The competitiveness of places: technological capability 33 Chapter 2 Technological capability- the core of economic development 36 Production functions and equilibrium: the neoclassical model and alternatives 37 Regional growth in equilibrium and disequilibrium 46 The process of technological change 50 The linear model 51 The product cycle and economic development 63 The context for technological change 71 Conclusion 71 Chapter 3 Innovation in the firm: technology in the corporate context 73 The growth innovation 73 Technology: a long wave view 75 High-tecnology industries: problems of definition and significance 81 R&D as an economic activity 90 Management of technology 91 Conclusion 110 Chapter 4 The location of economic activities: flexibility and agglomeration 112 Industrial location and the role of labour 112 The spatial division of labour in large firms 115 The location of non-production activities 123 Post-Weberian location theory 128 Flexibility 129 Agglomeration revisited 150 Conclusion 155 Chapter 5 Entrepreneurs, small firms and economic development 157 The concept of entrepreneurship 157 Regional variation in entrepreneurship 162 The importance of networks 170 Venture capital networks in the entrepreneurial environment 174 Policies for entrepreneurial environments 179 Entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial environments in developing countries 186 Conclusion 190 Chapter 6 Corporations and networks of large firms 191 Globalization of economic activity 191 Corporate structure and strategy in global firms 201 Patterns of transnational investment 213 World cities 216 Production chains and global production 218 Linkages: subcontracting, partnerships and alliances 228 Conclusion 232 Chapter 7 Creating competitiveness in nations, regions and localities 234 National systems of innovation 235 Government policy and technology 237 Industrial innovation and technology policy 245 Policies for regional and local competitiveness 253 Policies for regional high-tech development 263 Directing technology: encouraging the development of learning regions 271 Conclusion 272 Chapter 8 The technological and competitive challenge for developing countries 273 The necessity for science and technology 274 An East Asian 'miracle'? Industrial and technology policy in the development process 277 The challenge of technology upgrading 281 The transition from central planning 294 Learning and the costs of not learning Technology transfer: no easy route to competitive The role of institutions Conclusions and suggestions for policy Chapter 9 Development in a competitive world: challe. twenty-first century Technology and the future Human capital and economic development Skills and capabilities: education and training Infrastructure for development Time clocks and the pace of change 321 Conclusion 322 References 323 Index 451