Keeping the Books

Basic Recordkeeping and Accounting for the Small Business

Linda Pinson and Jerry Jinnett

Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog
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I. Recordkeeping Basics

Functions of Recordkeeping
When Does Recordkeeping Begin?
Common Deductible Expenses

II. Income and Expenses 

Income (or Revenue)
Expenses

III  Essential records For Small Business                             

Single and Double Entry Systems
Numbering of Accounts
Chart of Accounts
General Journal
General Ledger
Revenue & Expense Journal
Petty Cash Record
Inventory Record
Fixed Assets Log
Accounts Receivable
Accounts Payable
Payroll Records
Transportation, Entertainment and Travel Expenses
Customer Information Records
Business Checkbook
Receipt Files

IV. FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS                        

What Are Financial Statements?
Balance Sheet
Profit & Loss (Income) Statement
Business Financial History
Personal Financial Statement
Pro Forma Cash Flow Statement or Budget
Quarterly Budget Analysis
Three-Year Income Projection
Break-Even Analysis


V. Taxes and Recordkeeping

Basic Understanding of the U.S. Tax System
Federal Taxes for which You May Be liable
Calendars of Federal Taxes
Income Tax (For Sole Proprietors)
Home Office Deduction
Income Tax (For Partnerships)
Income Tax (For S Corporations)
Income Tax (For Corporations)
     Estimated Tax (For Sole Proprietor, Individual Who Is A Partner or
     S Corporation Shareholder)
Estimated Tax (For Corporations)
Self-Employment Tax (For Sole Proprietor, Individual Who Is a
     Partner or S Corporation Shareholder)
Social Security (FICA) Tax and Withholding of Income Tax
Federal Unemployment (FUTA) Tax
Payment to Non-Employees for Services Rendered
Taxpayer Identification Number (EIN)
Free Tax Publications Available from the IRS


VI. RECORDKEEPING AND TAX SCHEDULES

Organizing Your Recordkeeping
Building Your System
Recordkeeping Schedule
Tax Reporting Schedule


VII. PREPARING FOR UNCLE SAM

What to Give Your Accountant
The Last Chore


VIII. FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS

Financial Statements
Liquidity Analysis
Profitability Analysis
Debt Measures
Investment Measures
Vertical Financial Statement Analysis
Horizontal Financial Statement Analysis


     APPENDIX I: Glossary of Accounting Terms
     APPENDIX II: Resources for small business 
     APPENDIX III: Worksheets 
     INDEX